Sorted By Test Name - Mayo Medical Laboratories

CDIP
89860
COTT
82859
syndrome. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2001;30:729-747 2. Boscaro M, Barzon L, Fallo F, Sonino
N: Cushing's syndrome. Lancet 2001;357:783-791 3. Taylor RL, Machacek D, Singh RJ: Validation of a
high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for urinary cortisol and
cortisone. Clin Chem 2002;48:1511-1519
Corynebacterium diphtheriae Culture
Clinical Information: Diphtheria occurs in 2 forms, respiratory and cutaneous, but is an uncommon
disease in the United States since the advent of universal vaccination in the 1940â€s. The organism is
carried in the upper respiratory tract and is spread by droplet infection or hand-to mouth contact. The
incubation period averages 2 to 5 days. The illness is characterized by fever, malaise, and a sore throat. A
swab from beneath the thick pseudomembrane covering the posterior pharynx is the preferred specimen
for culture. The organisms multiplying at the infection site produce an exotoxin that may also result in
systemic complications affecting the heart, nervous system, etc. Diphtheria is treated by prompt
administration of antitoxin, as well as antibiotics (penicillin or a macrolide) to eliminated the focus of
infection and prevent the spread of the organism. The diagnosis of diphtheria is based on clinical criteria
and treatment must be initiated prior to laboratory confirmation. Testing is indicated to confirm a clinical
diagnosis.
Useful For: Confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of diphtheria
Interpretation: A positive result supports a diagnosis of diphtheria A negative result is evidence
against a diagnosis of diphtheria but does not definitively rule out this disease (eg, culture may be
negative because of prior antimicrobial therapy)
Reference Values:
No growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Clinical References: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R: In Principles and Practice of Infectious
Diseases. 6th edition. Philadelphia, PA, Elsevier Inc., 2005, pp 2457-2465
Cotton Fiber, IgE
Clinical Information: Clinical manifestations of immediate hypersensitivity (allergic) diseases are
caused by the release of proinflammatory mediators (histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins) from
immunoglobulin E (IgE)-sensitized effector cells (mast cells and basophils) when cell-bound IgE
antibodies interact with allergen. In vitro serum testing for IgE antibodies provides an indication of the
immune response to allergen(s) that may be associated with allergic disease. The allergens chosen for
testing often depend upon the age of the patient, history of allergen exposure, season of the year, and
clinical manifestations. In individuals predisposed to develop allergic disease(s), the sequence of
sensitization and clinical manifestations proceed as follows: eczema and respiratory disease (rhinitis and
bronchospasm) in infants and children less than 5 years due to food sensitivity (milk, egg, soy, and wheat
proteins) followed by respiratory disease (rhinitis and asthma) in older children and adults due to
sensitivity to inhalant allergens (dust mite, mold, and pollen inhalants).
Useful For: Testing for IgE antibodies may be useful to establish the diagnosis of an allergic disease
and to define the allergens responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms. Testing also may be useful to
identify allergens which may be responsible for allergic disease and/or anaphylactic episode, to confirm
sensitization to particular allergens prior to beginning immunotherapy, and to investigate the specificity of
allergic reactions to insect venom allergens, drugs, or chemical allergens.
Interpretation: Detection of IgE antibodies in serum (Class 1 or greater) indicates an increased
likelihood of allergic disease as opposed to other etiologies and defines the allergens that may be
responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms. The level of IgE antibodies in serum varies directly with the
concentration of IgE antibodies expressed as a class score or kU/L.
Reference Values:
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