Sorted By Test Name - Mayo Medical Laboratories

LKM
80387
LOB
82744
Product Monograph, Physicians†Desk Reference (PDR). Sixty-first edition. Montvale, NJ: Thomson
PDR, 2007
Liver/Kidney Microsome Type 1 Antibodies, Serum
Clinical Information: Autoimmune liver disease (eg, autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary
cirrhosis) is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies including smooth muscle antibodies (SMA),
antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA), and anti-liver/kidney microsomal antibodies type 1
(anti-LKM-1).(1) Subtypes of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are based on autoantibody reactivity patterns.
Anti-LKM-1 antibodies serve as a serologic marker for AIH type 2 and typically occur in the absence of
SMA and antinuclear antibodies. These antibodies react with a short linear sequence of the recombinant
antigen cytochrome monooxygenase P450 2D6.(2) Patients with AIH type 2 more often tend to be young,
female, and have severe disease that responds well to immunosuppressive therapy.
Useful For: Evaluation of patients with liver disease of unknown etiology Evaluation of patients with
suspected autoimmune hepatitis
Interpretation: Seropositivity for anti-LKM-1 antibodies is consistent with a diagnosis of AIH type 2.
Reference Values:
< or =20.0 Units (negative)
20.1-24.9 Units (equivocal)
> or =25.0 Units (positive)
Reference values apply to all ages.
Clinical References: 1. Clinical Immunology Principles and Practice. Third edition. Edited by RR
Rich, TA Fliesher, WT Shearer, et al: Philadelphia, PA, Mosby Elsevier, 2008 2. Czaja AJ, Homburger
HA: Autoantibodies in liver disease. Gastroenterology. January 2001;120(1):239-249
Lobster, IgE
Clinical Information: Clinical manifestations of immediate hypersensitivity (allergic) diseases are
caused by the release of proinflammatory mediators (histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins) from
immunoglobulin E (IgE)-sensitized effector cells (mast cells and basophils) when cell-bound IgE
antibodies interact with allergen. In vitro serum testing for IgE antibodies provides an indication of the
immune response to allergen(s) that may be associated with allergic disease. The allergens chosen for
testing often depend upon the age of the patient, history of allergen exposure, season of the year, and
clinical manifestations. In individuals predisposed to develop allergic disease(s), the sequence of
sensitization and clinical manifestations proceed as follows: eczema and respiratory disease (rhinitis and
bronchospasm) in infants and children less than 5 years due to food sensitivity (milk, egg, soy, and wheat
proteins) followed by respiratory disease (rhinitis and asthma) in older children and adults due to
sensitivity to inhalant allergens (dust mite, mold, and pollen inhalants).
Useful For: Testing for IgE antibodies may be useful to establish the diagnosis of an allergic disease
and to define the allergens responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms. Testing also may be useful to
identify allergens which may be responsible for allergic disease and/or anaphylactic episode, to confirm
sensitization to particular allergens prior to beginning immunotherapy, and to investigate the specificity of
allergic reactions to insect venom allergens, drugs, or chemical allergens.
Interpretation: Detection of IgE antibodies in serum (Class 1 or greater) indicates an increased
likelihood of allergic disease as opposed to other etiologies and defines the allergens that may be
responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms. The level of IgE antibodies in serum varies directly with the
concentration of IgE antibodies expressed as a class score or kU/L.
Reference Values:
Class IgE kU/L Interpretation
0 Negative
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