Sorted By Test Name - Mayo Medical Laboratories

FLP
8929
FMB
88841
defects in the ferrochelatase gene from patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria. Am J Hum Genet
1998;62:1341-1352 4. Whatley SD, Mason NG, Holme SA, et al: Molecular epidemiology of
erythropoietic protoporphyria in the U.K. Br J Dermatol 2010;162:642-646
Fetal Lung Profile, Amniotic Fluid
Clinical Information: Respiratory distress syndrome is a common complication of prematurity
occuring in infants whose lungs lack the surfactant necessary for healthy lung inflation and air exchange.
Surfactant is not produced in sufficient quantity until relatively late in gestation. It is primarily made up of
phospholipids such as lecithin and phosphatidylglycerol, which can be detected in amniotic fluid and used
as markers for fetal lung maturity. Both the lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio and phosphatidylglycerol
(PG) concentration increase with gestational age and correlate with lung maturity. Testing both the L/S
ratio and the presence or absence of PG provides a better assessment of neonatal risk than the use of either
test alone.
Useful For: Determining the ability of fetal lungs to produce sufficient quantities of pulmonary
surfactant Predicting the likelihood of the development of respiratory distress syndrome if the fetus were
delivered
Interpretation: L/S ratio or =2.5 and PG absent:
indeterminate L/S ratio or =2.5 and PG trace: mature PG
present: mature
Reference Values:
Lecithin/ Sphingomyelin Ratio Phosphatidylglycerol Interpretation
Absent Immature
> or =2.5 Absent Indeterminate
Trace Indeterminate
> or =2.5 Trace Mature
Any ratio Present Mature
All results will be called back.
Clinical References: 1. Ashwood ER, Knight GJ: Clinical Chemistry of Pregnancy. In Tietz
Textbook of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, 4th Edition, Edited by Carl A Burtis, Edward R
Ashwood, and David E Bruns, St Louis, MO, Elsevier Saunders, 2006, pp 2188-2192 2. Kulovich MV,
Hallman MB, Gluck L: The lung profile. I. Normal pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1979;135:57-63 3.
Hill LM, Ellefson R: Variable interference of meconium in the determination of phosphatidylglycerol.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983;147:339-340 4. Ragozzino MW, Hill LM, Breckle R, et al: The relationship of
placental grade by ultrasound to markers of fetal lung maturity. Radiology 1983;148:805-807
Fetomaternal Bleed, Flow Cytometry, Blood
Clinical Information: In hemolytic disease of the newborn, fetal red cells become coated with IgG
alloantibody of maternal origin, directed against an antigen on the fetal cells that is of paternal origin and
absent on maternal cells. The IgG-coated cells undergo accelerated destruction, both before and after
birth. The clinical severity of the disease can vary from intrauterine death to hematological abnormalities
detected only if blood from an apparently healthy infant is subject to serologic testing. Pregnancy causes
immunization when fetal red cells possessing a paternal antigen foreign to the mother enter the maternal
circulation, an event described as fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH). FMH occurs in up to 75% of
pregnancies, usually during the third trimester and immediately after delivery. Delivery is the most
common immunizing event, but fetal red cells can also enter the mother's circulation after amniocentesis,
spontaneous or induced abortion, chorionic villus sampling, cordocentesis, or rupture of an ectopic
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