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_ (s/ /_S_I--,-) _ Teli 3Ee~H/,eOMllnjjX I Chapter 3 - ~"To Die in the South": SIGINT, the Ho Chi Minh Trail, and the Infiltration Problem.] ~968 EO 1.4. (c) ~Somt'timein 1971. a Special Forces team. possibly part of the .JCS·s Shining Brass project to interdict the Ho Chi Minh Trail, and probably made up of a mix of local tribesmen with an American or Vietnamese commander. settled in at some unidentified point along the trail in Laos. Hiding in the forest. thev photographed a North Vietnamese truck convoy that was moving along the roadwav. . Thev. took a remarkable series of pictures. one of which is included below. In the photo. the trucks are carefully nosing around a huge bomb crater filled with water and debris from nearby shattered trees. \Vhat trees that arc left standing are nothing more than bare. scarred. darkened trunks, Off to the side of the dirt track is an expended metal casing from a U.S. aircraft; whether it is a jettisoned fuel pod or a piece of an ordnance package like napalm is unknown not that this is important. The entire landscape, with its haphazard debris and chaos of shadows and lizht h seerninalv b. strueulinc hb b with one another. is eerilv reminiscent of the set from the classic German surrealist film The Cabinet (!{ Doctor Caliqori. At the same time. the picture says a lot about the nature of the Ho Chi Minh Trail. the communist infiltration of troops and supplies to the south. as well as the American response to cut this flow. mostly in terms of a campaign of air interdiction that dwarfed anything before or since in twentieth century militarv . history. . (U) First of aIL there is a misconception regarding the scope and nature of the Ho Chi Minh Trail. Often, the trail is popularly (and, on occasion, romanticallv) portrayed as a single track or dirt road running south like an arrow from western :\orth Vietnam south along the Laotian border with the two Vietnarns to finally emerge at various points in the Central Highlands or just north of Saigon. Actually. it is eas~ to arrive at this image. Most maps carried in standard histories of the Indochina War display a simplified trail. reduced to a series of a fe\\ lines snaking along the borders of the two Victnums. Laos. and Cambodia. Consider the map on the next page from Robert Schulzingers excellent single-volume history A Timefor v1'ur. (L) The true size and nature of the Ho Chi Minh Trail l were quite different, of course; it had to be in order for it to withstand the onslaught of American and Allied air power thrown against it starting in 1964 and continuing into 1972. During this time, the trail's operation also was under constant pressure from forays by (i.S. Clnd\R\S special forces commanding teams of irregular troops recruited from local tribes. In e;lrl~ \97\. fETHo Chi Minh TrClil, 1971 "fOP SECRETh'COMIPHff*1 Page 83 ~- ----------_._--------------------------~
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