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spartans_in_darkness

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'fOP SEeRE'ffr'eOMIN'f·t:JMBItA1IX I<br />

to a variety of world leaders ask<strong>in</strong>g for various<br />

types of political and material support. For example,<br />

just three days later, Ho would send a message<br />

to the British prime m<strong>in</strong>ister, Clement Atlee,<br />

ask<strong>in</strong>g for London's <strong>in</strong>tervention aga<strong>in</strong>st the<br />

depredations of French troops <strong>in</strong> Saigon."<br />

(U) Of course, none of these early Viet M<strong>in</strong>h<br />

messages were encrypted or encoded <strong>in</strong> any fashion.<br />

There were really no Vietnamese experienced<br />

<strong>in</strong> any of the skills perta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g to cryptography.<br />

The French had never even considered allow<strong>in</strong>g<br />

any Indoch<strong>in</strong>ese to get <strong>in</strong>volved <strong>in</strong> any cryptographic<br />

work, even when the wartime manpower<br />

attrition <strong>in</strong> Indoch<strong>in</strong>a threatened the colonial<br />

adm<strong>in</strong>istration's ability to ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> secure communications.<br />

10<br />

(U) On 12 September 1945, follow<strong>in</strong>g up on<br />

<strong>in</strong>structions from Ho Chi M<strong>in</strong>h and General Vo<br />

Nguyen Giap, the Viet M<strong>in</strong>h's Military Cryptographic<br />

Section was formed under the control of<br />

the M<strong>in</strong>istry of National Defense. Start<strong>in</strong>g from<br />

virtually scratch, which, <strong>in</strong> this case, meant a s<strong>in</strong>gle<br />

copy of Capta<strong>in</strong>e Baudo<strong>in</strong>'s Elements<br />

Cryptographic, the handful of Vietnamese neophytes<br />

<strong>in</strong> the cryptographic section began teach<strong>in</strong>g<br />

themselves the rudiments of codes and<br />

ciphers, as well as experiment<strong>in</strong>g with virtually<br />

every technique it could lay its hands on, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />

some found <strong>in</strong> Vietnamese BoyScout games. II<br />

The first efforts were <strong>in</strong> encrypt<strong>in</strong>g letters and<br />

W.-\R DEP.\RT,,1E::'-.'T<br />

TOP<br />

SECR"'- 'J'LTRA<br />

Fl'OIIl: Hanc L (HO CHI lUllIl)<br />

'10: MoscoW' (P;"tlC':ler STALIN;<br />

2} aopt..,ber 194~ .<br />

AJrI: (3ngli.h) -<br />

We neg to l~~crm You~ ~eellency that th~ Pro.131onal<br />

Gov~r~r.t ct t.he li'lET ~ RspubLr e he.:'! 'been e~t!lbl:!.2h~ under-<br />

Fre8ident. H.O CHI !f,IXH. E:;;.-E:!:;]peror BAO DA! sbt11 r::A":e:d LtD 25<br />

August~ :um6!.ng over tne 1""".:119 tc &. nsv Govcrtt''lU>nt euppor-t.ed<br />

bl whole nation.<br />

"'cAm'hl1e J o"..<strong>in</strong>g to we cOlla.,PB13 or the river dam<br />

D18tEllll r hal:' c r Tonk<strong>in</strong> 1:!1 flooded, caUIS<strong>in</strong>3 treccl.,douB lo:ul(~!'I.<br />

!he people have begun to at.arve • \-{e 8:pj)"3'tl to YC'..l!" ~cellenoy<br />

tor AD.1 pcso1bJ.e h e Lp ,<br />

Re.~oetrul1:r.<br />

Intor 23 Sop %5 (1) Ann""""o 11-20744}<br />

Rl!c'd --M'-...<br />

T,.ano 0938 25 3ep ~5 (~lln1,119'11-11)<br />

RJ:B) do NJ 1501155 kC3<br />

jf(Q)1F ~~~~5H UL~JLJr~&<br />

W-\R DEP.\RT:\IE;..iT<br />

-ff$NSIt"Mess

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