Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences by Frederick J. Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau ISBN 10: 1305504917 ISBN 13: 9781305504912

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638 APPENDIX A | Basic Mathematics ReviewCheck the solution:X 2 8 5 1220 2 8 5 1212 5 123. When X Is Multiplied by a Value An example of this type of equation is4X 5 24In this instance, it is necessary to remove the 4 that is multiplied by X. This may beaccomplished by dividing both sides of the equation by 4:Check the solution:4X4 5 24 4X 5 64X 5 244(6) 5 2424 5 244. When X Is Divided by a Value An example of this type of equation isX3 5 9Now the X is divided by 3, so the solution is obtained by multiplying by 3. Multiplyingboth sides yields3 1X32 5 9(3)X 5 27For the check,X3 5 9273 5 99 5 9■ Solutions for More Complex EquationsMore complex equations can be solved by using a combination of the preceding simpleoperations. Remember that at each stage you are trying to isolate X on one side of theequation. For example,3X 1 7 5 223X 1 7 2 7 5 22 2 73X 5 153X3 5 15 3X 5 5(Remove 17 by subtracting 7 from both sides.)(Remove 3 by dividing both sides by 3.)
APPENDIX A | Basic Mathematics Review 639To check this solution, return to the original equation, and substitute 5 in place of X:3X 1 7 5 223(5) 1 7 5 2215 1 7 5 2222 5 22Following is another type of complex equation frequently encountered in statistics:X 1 345 2First, remove the 4 by multiplying both sides by 4:4 1X 1 34 2 5 2(4)X 1 3 5 8Now remove the 13 by subtracting 3 from both sides:X 1 3 2 3 5 8 2 3X 5 5To check this solution, return to the original equation, and substitute 5 in place of X:X 1 345 1 345 25 284 5 22 5 2LEARNING CHECKANSWERS1. Solve for X, and check the solutions:a. 3X 5 18 b. X 1 7 5 9 c. X 2 4 5 18 d. 5X 2 8 5 12e.i.X9 5 5 f. X 1 1 5 4 g. X 1 2 5 25 h. X 65 5 252X3 5 12 j. X 3 1 1 5 31. a. X 5 6 b. X 5 2 c. X 5 22 d. X 5 4 e. X 5 45f. X 5 23 g. X 5 27 h. X 5 225 i. X 5 18 j. X 5 6
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EDITION10Statistics for theBehavior
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Statistics for the Behavioral Scien
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CONTENTSCHAPTER 1 Introduction to S
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CONTENTSvii5.4 Using z-Scores to St
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CONTENTSixCHAPTER 10 The t Test for
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CONTENTSxiCHAPTER 15 Correlation 48
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PREFACEMany students in the behavio
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PREFACExv3. The former Chapter 19,
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PREFACExviiTo the StudentA primary
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ABOUT THE AUTHORSFREDERICK J GRAVET
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PREVIEWBefore we begin our discussi
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4 CHAPTER 1 | Introduction to Stati
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10 CHAPTER 1 | Introduction to Stat
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PREVIEWThere is some evidence that
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36 CHAPTER 2 | Frequency Distributi
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Central TendencyCHAPTER3Tools You W
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SECTION 3.1 | Overview 69DEFINITION
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SECTION 3.2 | The Mean 71research r
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SECTION 3.2 | The Mean 73the distri
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SECTION 3.2 | The Mean 75TABLE 3.1S
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SECTION 3.2 | The Mean 77Table 3.2
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SECTION 3.3 | The Median 793.3 The
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SECTION 3.3 | The Median 81To find
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SECTION 3.4 | The Mode 832. What is
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SECTION 3.4 | The Mode 85FIGURE 3.7
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SECTION 3.5 | Selecting a Measure o
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SECTION 3.6 | Central Tendency and
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FOCUS ON PROBLEM SOLVING 95of centr
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PROBLEMS 976. A population of N = 1
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VariabilityCHAPTER4Tools You Will N
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SECTION 4.1 | Introduction to Varia
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SECTION 4.2 | Defining Standard Dev
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SECTION 4.3 | Measuring Variance an
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SECTION 4.4 | Measuring Standard De
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SECTION 4.5 | Sample Variance as an
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SECTION 4.6 | More about Variance a
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SUMMARY 1252. A population has a me
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FOCUS ON PROBLEM SOLVING 127VAR0000
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PROBLEMS 1299. For the following se
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z-Scores: Location of Scoresand Sta
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SECTION 5.1 | Introduction to z-Sco
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SECTION 5.2 | z-Scores and Location
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SECTION 5.2 | z-Scores and Location
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SECTION 5.3 | Other Relationships B
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SECTION 5.4 | Using z-Scores to Sta
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SECTION 5.4 | Using z-Scores to Sta
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SECTION 5.5 | Other Standardized Di
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SECTION 5.5 | Other Standardized Di
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SECTION 5.6 | Computing z-Scores fo
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SECTION 5.7 | Looking Ahead to Infe
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SUMMARY 153LEARNING CHECK1. In N =
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DEMONSTRATION 5.2 155sure that your
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PROBLEMS 15716. A distribution of e
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PREVIEWHow likely is it that you wi
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162 CHAPTER 6 | Probabilitythe prob
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164 CHAPTER 6 | Probability(Note: W
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166 CHAPTER 6 | ProbabilityFIGURE 6
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168 CHAPTER 6 | Probability■ The
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170 CHAPTER 6 | ProbabilityFinding
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172 CHAPTER 6 | Probabilityand exac
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174 CHAPTER 6 | ProbabilityFinally,
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176 CHAPTER 6 | ProbabilityXz-score
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178 CHAPTER 6 | ProbabilityBOX 6.1
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180 CHAPTER 6 | ProbabilityEXAMPLE
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182 CHAPTER 6 | ProbabilityFIGURE 6
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184 CHAPTER 6 | Probability6.5 Look
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186 CHAPTER 6 | Probability2. For a
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188 CHAPTER 6 | ProbabilityDEMONSTR
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190 CHAPTER 6 | Probability6. Draw
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Probability and Samples: TheDistrib
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SECTION 7.1 | Samples, Populations,
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SECTION 7.1 | Samples, Populations,
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SECTION 7.2 | The Distribution of S
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SECTION 7.3 | Probability and the D
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SECTION 7.3 | Probability and the D
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SECTION 7.4 | More about Standard E
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SECTION 7.4 | More about Standard E
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FOCUS ON PROBLEM SOLVING 219SUMMARY
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PROBLEMS 221STEP 2Compute the z-sco
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Introduction toHypothesis TestingCH
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SECTION 8.1 | The Logic of Hypothes
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SECTION 8.2 | Uncertainty and Error
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SECTION 8.2 | Uncertainty and Error
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SECTION 8.3 | More about Hypothesis
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SECTION 8.3 | More about Hypothesis
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SECTION 8.4 | Directional (One-Tail
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SECTION 8.5 | Concerns about Hypoth
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SECTION 8.5 | Concerns about Hypoth
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SECTION 8.6 | Statistical Power 255
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FOCUS ON PROBLEM SOLVING 2618. The
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PROBLEMS 263In this distribution, o
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PROBLEMS 26513. A random sample is
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Introduction to the t StatisticCHAP
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SECTION 9.1 | The t Statistic: An A
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SECTION 9.2 | Hypothesis Tests with
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SECTION 9.2 | Hypothesis Tests with
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SECTION 9.3 | Measuring Effect Size
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SECTION 9.4 | Directional Hypothese
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SUMMARY 2913. A researcher rejects
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DEMONSTRATION 9.1 293One-Sample Sta
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PROBLEMS 295PROBLEMS1. Under what c
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PROBLEMS 297b. Construct the 90% co
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The t Test for TwoIndependent Sampl
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SECTION 10.1 | Introduction to the
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SECTION 10.2 | The Null Hypothesis
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SECTION 10.3 | Hypothesis Tests wit
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SECTION 10.4 | Effect Size and Conf
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SECTION 10.5 | The Role of Sample V
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KEY TERMS 325SUMMARY1. The independ
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FOCUS ON PROBLEM SOLVING 327Group S
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PROBLEMS 329The t Statistic Finally
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PROBLEMS 331c. Write a sentence dem
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PROBLEMS 33319. If other factors ar
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PREVIEWIt’s the night before an e
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338 CHAPTER 11 | The t Test for Two
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PREVIEWYour job interview is tomorr
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368 CHAPTER 12 | Introduction to An
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Repeated-MeasuresAnalysis of Varian
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SECTION 13.1 | Overview of the Repe
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SECTION 13.2 | Hypothesis Testing a
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SECTION 13.3 | More about the Repea
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SPSS ® 4375. When the obtained F-r
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DEMONSTRATION 13.1 439you must also
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PROBLEMS 441PROBLEMS1. How does the
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PROBLEMS 44313. The following summa
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PROBLEMS 44523. The following data
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Two-FactorAnalysis of Variance(Inde
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SECTION 14.1 | An Overview of the T
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SECTION 14.2 | An Example of the Tw
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SECTION 14.3 | More about the Two-F
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SUMMARY 473SUMMARY1. A research stu
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FOCUS ON PROBLEM SOLVING 475Descrip
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DEMONSTRATION 14.1 477STEP 2STAGE 1
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PROBLEMS 479PROBLEMS1. Define each
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PROBLEMS 48115. Research results in
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PROBLEMS 483EasyFactorA TaskDifficu
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PREVIEWA recent report describing t
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488 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationDEFINIT
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490 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationDEFINIT
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492 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationSubstit
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494 CHAPTER 15 | Correlationeither
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496 CHAPTER 15 | Correlationreliabl
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498 CHAPTER 15 | Correlation60Numbe
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500 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationOne of
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502 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationBOX 15.
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504 CHAPTER 15 | Correlation171615Z
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506 CHAPTER 15 | Correlation3. What
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508 CHAPTER 15 | Correlationon the
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510 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationLEARNIN
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512 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationScoresR
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514 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationThe pro
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516 CHAPTER 15 | Correlationthat a
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518 CHAPTER 15 | Correlationmeasure
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520 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationSUMMARY
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522 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationTo comp
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524 CHAPTER 15 | CorrelationSTEP 2C
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526 CHAPTER 15 | Correlation14. Ide
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Introduction to RegressionCHAPTER16
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SECTION 16.1 | Introduction to Line
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SECTION 16.2 | The Standard Error o
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SECTION 16.3 | Introduction to Mult
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KEY TERMS 553a predicted portion an
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DEMONSTRATION 16.1 555DEMONSTRATION
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PROBLEMS 557Alzheimer’s disease.
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The Chi-Square Statistic:Tests for
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SECTION 17.1 | Introduction to Chi-
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SECTION 17.2 | An Example of the Ch
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SECTION 17.3 | The Chi-Square Test
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SECTION 17.4 | Effect Size and Assu
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SECTION 17.4 | Effect Size and Assu
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Page 613 and 614: SUMMARY 591With df = 2 and α = .05
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Page 626 and 627: PREVIEWIn 1960, Gibson and Walk des
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Page 647 and 648: Basic Mathematics ReviewAPPENDIXAPR
Page 649 and 650: APPENDIX A | Basic Mathematics Revi
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Page 670 and 671: 648 APPENDIX B | Statistical Tables
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702 Statistics Organizer: Finding t
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ReferencesAckerman, R. (2011). Meta
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REFERENCES 719Alzheimer’s disease
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REFERENCES 721of aging and estrogen
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724 NAME INDEXKaell, A., 622Kahn, K
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726 SUBJECT INDEXConfidence interva
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728 SUBJECT INDEXIndependent random
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730 SUBJECT INDEXResearch studies,
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732 SUBJECT INDEXTwo-factor ANOVA (
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Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences by Frederick J. Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau ISBN 10: 1305504917 ISBN 13: 9781305504912

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