Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences by Frederick J. Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau ISBN 10: 1305504917 ISBN 13: 9781305504912

684 APPENDIX D | General Instructions for Using SPSS
SPSS Data Formats
The SPSS program uses two basic formats for entering scores into the data matrix. Each
is described and demonstrated as follows:
1. The first format is used when the data consist of several scores (more than one)
for each individual. This includes data from a repeated-measures study, in which
each person is measured in all of the different treatment conditions, and data from
a correlational study where there are two scores, X and Y, for each individual. Table
D1 illustrates this kind of data and shows how the scores would appear in the SPSS
data matrix. Note that the scores in the data matrix have exactly the same structure
as the scores in the original data. Specifically, each row of the data matrix contains
the scores for an individual participant, and each column contains the scores for
one treatment condition.
TABLE D1
Data for a repeated-measures or correlational study with several scores for each individual.
The left half of the table (a) shows the original data, with three scores for each person; and the
right half (b) shows the scores as they would be entered into the SPSS data matrix. Note: SPSS
automatically adds the two decimal points for each score. For example, you type in 10 and it
appears as 10.00 in the matrix.
(a) Original data
Treatments
Person I II III
A 10 14 19
B 9 11 15
C 12 15 22
D 7 10 18
E 13 18 20
(b) Data as entered into the SPSS data matrix
VAR0001 VAR0002 VAR0003 var
1 10.00 14.00 19.00
2 9.00 11.00 15.00
3 12.00 15.00 22.00
4 7.00 10.00 18.00
5 13.00 18.00 20.00
2. The second format is used for data from an independent-measures study using
a separate group of participants for each treatment condition. This kind of data
is entered into the data matrix in a stacked format. Instead of having the scores
from different treatments in different columns, all of the scores from all of the
treatment conditions are entered into a single column so that the scores from
one treatment condition are literally stacked on top of the scores from another
treatment condition. A code number is then entered into a second column beside
each score to tell the computer which treatment condition corresponds to each
score. For example, you could enter a value of 1 beside each score from treatment
#1, enter a 2 beside each score from treatment #2, and so on. Table D2
illustrates this kind of data and shows how the scores would be entered into the
SPSS data matrix.