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Editorial Board Editor Ray Hutchiso
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Contents List of Entries vii Reader
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viii List of Entries Deindustrializ
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x List of Entries Spaces of Flows S
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xii Reader’s Guide Location Theor
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xiv Reader’s Guide Urban Transpor
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xvi Reader’s Guide Davis, Mike de
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xviii About the Editors Robert A. B
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xx Contributors Mary Ann Caws Gradu
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xxii Contributors Petra Kuppinger M
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xxiv Contributors Harold Takooshian
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xxvi Introduction United States or
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Acknowledgments The development of
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2 Advocacy Planning Steps were inst
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4 Advocacy Planning Table 1 Compari
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6 Affordable Housing Global Advocac
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8 Agora The Latin equivalent of ago
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10 Airports the Acropolis, the cent
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12 Airports powerful. The age of th
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14 Alinsky, Saul change and became
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16 Allegory of Good Government Ambr
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18 Almshouses are also safe to trav
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20 Amsterdam, the Netherlands chang
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22 Amsterdam, the Netherlands distr
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24 Ancient Cities more progressive
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26 Ancient Cities Mesoamerica Like
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28 Annexation In summary, the most
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30 Apartheid the growth of Los Ange
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32 Apartheid number of ethnic “na
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34 Arcade promoted order and contro
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36 Architecture Geist, Johann Fried
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38 Architecture states wanted to al
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40 Architecture important question
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42 Asian Cities many parts of Asia
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44 Athens, Greece way by strengthen
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46 Athens, Greece of myths and proc
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48 Athens, Greece life to archaeolo
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50 Athens, Greece in Attica, that h
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52 Banlieue Ba n l i e u e The banl
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54 Banlieue à loyer modéré). Fre
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56 Barcelona, Spain Las Ramblas—a
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58 Barcelona, Spain the Olympic Gam
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60 Barrio marginalized families wit
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62 Bazaar Hats on display at a baza
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64 Bazaar conventional assumptions
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66 Béguinage Beguinage Amsterdam i
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68 Benjamin, Walter fourteenth cent
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70 Berlin, Germany Writings on Film
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72 Berlin, Germany levels in London
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74 Berry, Brian J. L. 1981, he taug
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76 Bilbao, Spain levels as the city
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78 Bilbao, Spain In Bilbao, the mus
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80 Bohemian well-received stage ada
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82 Brasília, Brazil century, but i
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84 Broadacre City his ideal communi
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86 Bruges, Belgium political, and p
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88 Buenos Aires, Argentina Bruges i
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90 Buenos Aires, Argentina Autónom
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92 Bungalow the colonial bungalow w
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94 Buses Postmodern critics argue t
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96 Buses suburban road systems, and
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98 Cairo, Egypt conquered and settl
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100 Cairo, Egypt City already inclu
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102 Canberra, Australia Singerman,
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104 Capital City keen to divest its
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106 Capital City Table 1 Europe’s
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108 Capital City triumphalist monum
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110 Capitalist City Manchester mean
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112 Caravanserai The attention devo
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114 Castells, Manuel normally inclu
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116 Castells, Manuel viewed the sta
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118 Castells, Manuel Conclusion Acc
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120 Catastrophe system, as commuter
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122 Chicago, Illinois contrast, top
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124 Chicago, Illinois Steel were ki
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126 Chicago School of Urban Sociolo
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128 Chicago School of Urban Sociolo
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130 Childe, V. Gordon been self-sty
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132 Chinatowns Chinatown in London
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134 Chinatowns In many places, the
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136 Christopher Wren, plan for Lond
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138 Cinema (Movie House) films and
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140 Cinematic Urbanism environment
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142 Cinematic Urbanism 2. The essen
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144 Citizenship Table 1 Advantages
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146 Citizenship as a body politic (
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148 City and Film Ci t y a n d fi l
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150 City and Film shock as a decisi
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152 City Beautiful Movement interna
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154 City Beautiful Movement logical
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156 City Club of civic buildings an
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158 City of Memory See also Urban G
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160 City of Memory commemoration, m
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162 City Planning units. Today plan
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164 City Users other while they bot
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166 Colonial City dominated were cl
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168 Colonial City that the form of
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170 Common Interest Development Ros
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172 Community consciousness. Wherea
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174 Community social capital networ
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176 Community Development Co M M u
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178 Community Garden called this pr
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180 Community Organizing power. The
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182 Community Studies Engagement wi
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184 Community Studies A primary aim
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186 Convention Centers outside the
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188 Creative Class has also resulte
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190 Crime Rausch, Stephen and Cynth
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192 Crime increasing reason for the
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194 Cultural Heritage future genera
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196 Cultural Heritage region in Ind
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198 Cyburbia Street Seaport in New
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200 Cyburbia large number of weak n
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Da m a s c u s, sy r i a Capital of
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southwest of the city), and a signi
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characterization of the areas affec
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knowledges of practices elude the g
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36 percent over the same period. Th
- Page 242 and 243: Modern-day Delhi Source: Steven K.
- Page 244 and 245: Depression brought with it new capi
- Page 246 and 247: globalizing capital and demographic
- Page 248 and 249: normally in everyday life. Hence, d
- Page 250 and 251: Imrie, Rob. 1996. Disability and th
- Page 252 and 253: Discotheque and Resort Architecture
- Page 254 and 255: the total number of displacees in t
- Page 256 and 257: (Antifaschistische Schutzmauer). At
- Page 258 and 259: interior was vast. Its 8-meter wall
- Page 260 and 261: policies that would shift costs and
- Page 262 and 263: Downtown Revitalization An attempt
- Page 264 and 265: with producers. Trafficking routes,
- Page 266 and 267: Dorn, N., K. Murji, and N. South. 1
- Page 268: egard for cultural advancement, tog
- Page 271 and 272: 242 Edge City distinguished by a nu
- Page 273 and 274: 244 Environmental Justice such as t
- Page 275 and 276: 246 Environmental Justice justice,
- Page 277 and 278: 248 Environmental Policy air qualit
- Page 279 and 280: 250 Environmental Psychology En v i
- Page 281 and 282: 252 Environmental Psychology locate
- Page 283 and 284: 254 Environmental Psychology healin
- Page 285 and 286: 256 Ethnic Enclave civic organizati
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- Page 289 and 290: 260 Exclusionary Zoning an industri
- Page 291: 262 Exopolis Soja describes decentr
- Page 295 and 296: 266 Fair Housing Further Readings B
- Page 297 and 298: 268 Favela Fa v e l a The term fave
- Page 299 and 300: 270 Favela as an evil, a “cancer
- Page 301 and 302: 272 Flâneur warring criminal organ
- Page 303 and 304: 274 Florence, Italy the flâneur th
- Page 305 and 306: 276 Florence, Italy A view of Flore
- Page 307 and 308: 278 Florence, Italy religious compl
- Page 309 and 310: 280 Fourth World a central forum an
- Page 311 and 312: 282 Fujita, Masahisa Indeed, many o
- Page 314 and 315: Ga n s, He r b e r t The sociologis
- Page 316 and 317: Ebenezer Howard’s design for the
- Page 318 and 319: Buder, Stanley. 1990. Visionaries a
- Page 320 and 321: eliant on walls and private securit
- Page 322 and 323: as they attracted heterosexual cons
- Page 324 and 325: attempt to summarize his brand of e
- Page 326 and 327: evident within society. Gemeinschaf
- Page 328 and 329: The genesis of this approach to spa
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Wacquant, Loïc. 2008. Urban Outcas
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this blind spot are under way, even
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more accountable and also more repl
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corporate headquarters and professi
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The foundation of all semiotics is
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See also Castells, Manuel; Chicago
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These differences are most evident
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crime control thesis advanced by Wi
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or its style, or its placement. Som
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argue that one interesting thing ab
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Further Readings del Cerro Santamar
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growth management realm. Europe has
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Policies based on growth pole theor
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340 Hall, Peter groups in the plann
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342 Harvey, David positivist-scient
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344 Haussmann, Baron Georges-Eugèn
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346 Hawley, Amos Britain was not fa
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348 Healthy Cities This concern wit
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350 Healthy Cities International Ex
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352 Heritage City World Heritage Wo
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354 Heterotopia castle that predate
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356 Hip Hop hip hop is how bodies,
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358 Historic Cities of the city’s
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360 Historic Cities renovation of C
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362 Homelessness conservation of it
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364 Homelessness illness to differe
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366 Homeownership Further Readings
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368 Homeownership primary source of
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370 Hong Kong, China reformers and
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372 Hotel, Motel circulation, wheth
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374 Hotel, Motel simple as a room a
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376 Housing The Integration of Hous
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378 Housing dissatisfaction. Such d
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380 Housing Policy work. Research s
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382 Housing Policy of this analysis
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384 Human Ecology Basic Characteris
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386 Human Ecology the discipline aw
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Id e a l CI t y Sharp straight line
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Very often, ideal cities of archite
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finance institutions for trade and
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(R&D) and innovation in their area,
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Manchester Literary and Philosophic
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living and that modern Western indu
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Regional Science. In 1960, the firs
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century AD, Maliki law was highly d
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The madinah, it would seem, is well
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An apartment building in current-da
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tried to control them, especially d
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Ja c k s o n, ke n n e t h t. Kenne
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opportunity to speak at a 1956 Harv
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locks to maximize opportunities for
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In most countries, the proportion t
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Ka m p u n g Kampung, the Malay wor
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egulation, negotiation, and politic
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dealing with the widest possible ar
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Kracauer, Siegfried. 1995. The Mass
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428 Lagos, Nigeria complete with th
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430 Landscape Architecture developm
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432 Landscapes of Power draws on en
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434 Land Trusts Last, Zukin discuse
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436 Las Vegas, Nevada place, Las Ve
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438 Las Vegas, Nevada spatially and
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440 Lawn temperatures, the scarcity
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442 Lawn The Lawn as Sociocultural
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444 Le Corbusier Pressure to seek s
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446 Le Corbusier the schools of arc
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448 Lefebvre, Henri of neocapitalis
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450 Lefebvre, Henri A New Role for
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452 Local Government central monarc
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454 Local Government local level to
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456 Location Theory Staat (The Isol
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458 Loft Living hearings. They dema
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460 London, United Kingdom Zukin, S
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462 London, United Kingdom househol
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464 Los Angeles, California likely
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466 Los Angeles, California souther
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468 Los Angeles School of Urban Stu
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470 Los Angeles School of Urban Stu
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472 Lösch, August Chicago School m
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474 Lynch, Kevin incomes—is settl
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476 Lynch, Kevin maps. Some of thes
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478 Lynch, Kevin was supported by t
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Ma n c h e s t e r, Un i t e d Ki n
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discretionary urban funding. The Ce
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Lake and Manila Bay. Its elevation
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with the more complex issue of how
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ole of competition between rival bl
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Aspects of Urban Design in the Midd
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idea of how to create a new town. I
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for congregation of different popul
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At the level of Mediterranean citys
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Table 1 Population in Megalopolitan
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1950-1970: The Rise of the Suburbs
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and the sense that one had lost eff
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metropolitan statistical area (MSA)
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transformation of the political pro
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This is just one illustration of wh
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Emerging metropolitan forms have be
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opulent districts to the south and
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Despite positive aspects of this gr
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See also City Planning; Deindustria
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(with a projected service life of 2
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post-socialist. Their hasty applica
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the Hudson River waterfront for sev
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The newspapers first turned a consi
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More than 30 percent speak a langua
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Mandarin translation services for c
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the city’s population lives in in
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Howard. Cities must reach a critica
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level, the project’s core thesis
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The British Museum in London houses
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Monterey, California, refashioned f
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542 Necropolis The French is in tur
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544 Neighborhood Revitalization Hac
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546 New Regionalism Opposed to this
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548 New Urbanism suburbanites found
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550 New Urbanism In October 1991, J
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552 New Urbanism Duany, Elizabeth M
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554 New Urban Sociology deindustria
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556 New York City, New York On the
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558 New York City, New York reforme
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560 New York City, New York New Yor
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562 Nightlife was that of modernism
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564 Nightlife Vauxhall at first, bu
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566 Night Spaces casually acquainte
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568 Non-Place Realm Yet, the creati
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570 Non-Sexist City work by creatin
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572 Nuclear War planning. Ideally,
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574 Nuclear War changed the demogra
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576 Other Global Cities “third wo
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578 Other Global Cities and refugee
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580 Paris, France And as for the la
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582 Parks city itself. As Paris goe
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584 Parks Industrial cities such as
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586 Patchwork Urbanism Chadwick, G.
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588 Patchwork Urbanism city’s sig
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590 Photography and the City potent
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592 Photography and the City enough
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594 Photography and the City these
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596 Piazza A piazza in Rome Source:
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598 Piazza especially those of Marx
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600 Placemaking interests. Placemak
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602 Placemaking economic enterprise
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604 Planning Theory Table 1 Dimensi
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606 Planning Theory the stronger ar
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608 Political Machine personal touc
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610 Progressive City for a site; ad
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612 Progressive City more responsiv
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614 Public Art Inukshuk sculpture a
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616 Public Art Public art as founta
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618 Public Art independent curators
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620 Public-Private Partnerships lon
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622 Public-Private Partnerships pub
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624 Public Realm finances, is the c
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626 Public Realm portion of public
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Ra c i a l i z a t i o n Racializat
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acialized space occupied by the Afr
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The ornate interior of the Antwerp
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to occur. In part, this might be ac
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and the networks and relationships
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distinctive, well known, and persis
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As well as red-light districts, man
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in both the amount and terms of mor
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ecomes: How are those interests rec
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poor, port wardens, and other servi
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governments are the rule. Metropoli
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to find a rational distribution of
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of criticism over the years. There
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mathematical beauty, based on the h
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put it) “a state within the state
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Re n t th e o R y Land rent refers
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obstacle to the accumulation of cap
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Aix-les-Bains and Aix-en-Provence (
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Pearce, D. 1989. Tourist Developmen
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Smith’s revanchist city thesis ha
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important, focusing critical attent
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capital as an end in itself, but wo
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schools to be built with adjoining
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After surviving the crucible of the
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St. Peter’s Square (Piazza San Pi
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Sa n t a Fe, ne w Me x i c o Santa
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Chris Wilson has noted that early p
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They are longitudinal in nature, wi
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lead to the construction of a Brazi
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Further Readings Bruno, E. 1953. Hi
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often cited as the country’s most
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est preserved ensembles of nineteen
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uilt from this plan, although Sert
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———. 1942. Can Our Cities Sur
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all efforts to contain and steriliz
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clustering abound. Studies of these
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hence helped to maintain the sancti
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thus stressed it is not permissible
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Shanghai has become a cosmopolitan
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Cities such as Suzhou, Wuxi, and Ch
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Sh o p p i n g Shopping is a basic
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iggest, most elegant department sto
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on the existing urban structure. Fi
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however, on the place of origin: th
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opposed to civic or spiritual) phen
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Concept of the Stranger In this sen
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the popular activities and habitual
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approaches that attempt to reinsert
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philosophy to excise urban slums an
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transformation, so that they might
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for the International Skateboard Ch
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frequently in areas of semicontroll
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low income, by addressing the multi
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importance of services, the decline
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authority, which may be central or
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This early concept of urban social
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these “green” and participatory
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A representation of space is constr
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foreign direct investment in real e
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exchange value outstrip use and use
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sciences to develop a concept of
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weakening the class struggle. Simil
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distinguished between a concentrate
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was critiqued as being written by a
- Page 786 and 787:
outnumber men in the more “sensit
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place, not out of place. This shows
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in cities are entangled with those
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the number of knowledge workers led
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Sports Stadiums Comerica Park, whic
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awareness that it is happening and
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Stadt Entwerfen. Band 5 Der Schrift
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small groups of the urban poor trav
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whom they do not know personally. W
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“Elevated car falls to street”
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protectors on the street, and they
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at restaurants or riding on buses,
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produced streetcar suburbs in the U
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y women moving out of slums via off
- Page 814 and 815:
cooperation between various private
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Defining Surveillance Surveillance
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extreme, in the fractured cities of
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economies are able to benefit diver
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potential and to be more self-relia
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Te c h n o b u r b s The term techn
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technological laboratories and high
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Further Readings Castells, Manuel a
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Castells, Manuel and Peter Hall. 19
- Page 832 and 833:
Yard of a tenement at Park Avenue a
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in the early twentieth century, esp
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that owns and operates them (e.g.,
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city visitors are free to wander ab
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dimensions of human geography. Time
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dis-enabled, by a lack of certainty
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printing, electronics, steel and me
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Tokyo’s spatial distribution of i
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human spirit, as opposed to the mea
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they do not leave the tourists’ e
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A last but not least factor, and mo
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Tr a n s p o r T a T i o n Transpor
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immense pressure. Transit ridership
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goals and objectives for the plan.
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to shift the role of government fro
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Un e v e n De v e l o p m e n t The
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Some of these ideas connect with th
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comparisons of “urbanized areas
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urban—more precisely, reported as
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emphasis on “primitive” peoples
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folk-urban continuum, came under sc
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Ur b a n ar c h a e o l o g y Urban
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eligious practices beyond those of
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Urban Climate Figure 1 Scales of Ur
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oundary layer) and in the urban sur
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Roofs may be altered to increase th
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public facilities, but much of the
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urban condition. Wirth, a member of
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which they live and factors such as
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They can handle problems of periphe
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the size of a population and the pa
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the location of demolished building
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incorporates neighborhood choice as
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Urban Entertainment Destination Chi
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economic inequality and social excl
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While geographers treat these model
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geographers in a discussion of the
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in the rapidly urbanizing developin
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Key events that prompted the post-W
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a phenomenon of central importance
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nation to which it belongs. The adv
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where “there exists a condition o
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impact of cities upon human behavio
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century different from the industri
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National Urban League. 1950. 40th A
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the establishment of an assertive a
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especially to the early work of Ott
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cities (cf. intraurban physiognomy)
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Ur b a n no v e l The study of the
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cities have lost much of their circ
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See also Dickens, Charles; Flâneur
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address these problems, the impleme
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well as (or even rather than) the c
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emained provisional, as the new urb
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Ur b a n po l i t i c s The study o
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Historical Perspectives The governa
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causes and effects of this little-u
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overload causes long-term adaptatio
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semiotic analysis can be applied to
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marketing. The postindustrial city
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shared meaning with functional inte
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(and other times less) to do with u
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City, edited by R. E. Park and E. W
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produced have emerged from several
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involving such physical objects as
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programs hoped to raise the stature
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to, their home disciplines. Of cour
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different path from central place t
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systems, and by the available techn
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Marxism urban theorists. Urban poli
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the phenomenon under investigation
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within walking distance, a mix of h
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Bauhaus School issued challenging a
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Hall, Peter. 2002. Cities of Tomorr
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952 Venice, Italy The Republic (oft
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954 Venice, Italy prostitutes. Even
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956 Veranda and Normandy, from wher
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958 Walking City bias and neglect o
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960 Waste contaminating those near
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962 Waste account of London Labour
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964 Women and the City the southern
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966 World City planning, as well as
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968 World City capital, and culture
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970 World-Systems Perspective Walle
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972 World-Systems Perspective The W
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974 Wren, Sir Christopher between t
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Zo ö p o l i s Zoöpolis refers to
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inquiry and were increasingly avail
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Index Entry titles and their page n
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Animals, 2:977-980 Annapolis, Maryl
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Baudrillard, Jean, 1:94, 140, 262,
- Page 1016 and 1017:
Brunel, Isambard Kingdom, 2:592 Bru
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Charleston, South Carolina, 1:196 C
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City users, 1:163-165 City walls, 1
- Page 1022 and 1023:
Counterpublic spheres, 1:328 Crang,
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Disease, 2:802, 877. See also Hygie
- Page 1026 and 1027:
Environmental racism, 1:244 Environ
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Form-based codes, 2:549 Form-Based
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Giersch, Herbert, 1:474 Gilbert, D.
- Page 1032 and 1033:
Hadrian, 1:47 Hägerstrand, Torsten
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Hovorka, Alice, 2:978 Howard, Ebene
- Page 1036 and 1037:
Healthy Cities movement, 1:350 mega
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Kureishi, Hanif, 1:151, 2:902 Kures
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Loma Prieta earthquake (1989), 1:11
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Maximilian I, emperor of Mexico, 1:
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sex industry, 2:700-703 youth, 2:75
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urban villages, 2:944-945 values an
- Page 1048 and 1049:
Participatory rural appraisal, 1:17
- Page 1050 and 1051:
Postmodernism architecture, 1:40 ci
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comprehensive planning, 1:2-3, 4, 2
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Saarinen, Eliel, 2:693 Sabah, Majed
- Page 1056 and 1057:
Siem Reap, Cambodia, 1:196 Siena, I
- Page 1058 and 1059:
Simmel’s social theory of, 2:720-
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Sydney, Australia, 1:308, 309, 527,
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planning, 2:822-824, 826-832 railro
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demographic, 2:881 difference, 1:44
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Vienna, Austria, 1:196, 354, 397 Vi
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Zeublin, Manuel, The Chicago Ghetto