DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

Table 49–2
Regimens for the Prevention of Malaria in Non-immune Individuals (Continued)
DRUG USAGE ADULT DOSE PEDIATRIC DOSE COMMENTS
Mefloquine Prophylaxis 228 mg base ≤9 kg: 4.6 mg/kg Begin 1-2 weeks before travel to
(LARIAM and in areas with (250 mg base (5 mg/kg malarious areas. Take weekly on
generic) mefloquine- salt) orally, salt) orally, same day of the week while in
sensitive once/week once/week; malarious area and for 4 weeks after
malaria >9-19 kg: 1/4 leaving such areas. Contraindicated
tablet once/week; in persons allergic to mefloquine or
>19-30 kg: 1/2 related compounds (e.g., quinine,
tablet once/week; quinidine) and in persons with
>31-45 kg: 3/4 active depression, a recent history
tablet once/week; of depression, generalized anxiety
≥45 kg: 1 tablet disorder, psychosis, schizophrenia,
once/week other major psychiatric disorders, or
seizures. Use with caution in persons
with psychiatric disturbances or a
previous history of depression. Not
recommended for persons with
cardiac conduction abnormalities.
Primaquine Prophylaxis 30 mg base 0.5 mg/kg base Begin 1-2 days before travel to
for short- (52.6 mg salt) (0.8 mg/kg salt) malarious areas. Take daily at
duration orally, daily up to adult dose same time each day while in
travel to orally, daily malarious area and for 7 days after
areas with
leaving such areas.
principally
Contraindicated in persons with
P. vivax G6PD a deficiency, and during
pregnancy and lactation unless the
infant being breastfed has
documented normal G6PD level.
Primaquine For 30 mg base 0.5 mg/kg base Indicated for persons who have had
presumptive (52.6 mg salt) (0.8 mg/kg salt) prolonged exposure to P. vivax and
anti-relapse orally, once/day up to adult dose P. ovale or both. Contraindicated in
therapy for 14 days after orally, once/day persons with G6PD a deficiency.
(terminal departure from for 14 days after Also contraindicated during
prophylaxis) the malarious departure from pregnancy and lactation unless the
to decrease area. the malarious infant being breastfed has a
the risk of area documented normal G6PD level.
relapses
(P. vivax,
P. ovale)
a
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. All persons who take primaquine should have a documented normal G6PD level before starting the medication.
These regimens are based on published recommendations of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These recommendations
may change over time. Up-to-date information should be obtained from www.cdc.gov/travel. Recommendations and available treatment differ
among countries in the industrialized world, developing world, and malaria-endemic regions; in the latter, some antimalarial treatments may be
available without prescription, but the most effective drugs usually are controlled by governmental agencies.
Source: From the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Health Information for International Travel 2010 (Yellow Book).
Available at: (http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/content/yellowbook/home-2010.aspx. Accessed January 12, 2010.