DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

antibiotic in developing nations because it is inexpensive
and highly effective for a broad range of infections.
Spectinomycin is indicated only for the treatment
of gonococcal infection when a β-lactam or fluoroquinolone
cannot be given. Clindamycin has excellent
activity against gram-positive cocci but principally is
used to treat anaerobic infections. Vancomycin, daptomycin,
quinupristin/dalfopristin, and linezolid are indicated
for the treatment of gram-positive infections
caused by drug-resistant organisms such as penicillinresistant
pneumococci and methicillin-resistant staphylococci.
Quinupristin/dalfopristin and linezolid are
indicated for the treatment of vancomycin-resistant
E. faecium infections. These drugs, along with daptomycin,
also are active against vancomycin-insensitive
strains of S. aureus, although clinical trials have not
established their clear clinical efficacy to date.
Polymyxins, bacitracin, and mupirocin are effective
for the topical treatment of minor skin infections.
Colistin (polymyxin E) can be administered systemically
and is active against drug-resistant gram-negative
bacteria, including Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas,
and Acinetobacter; its significant toxicity makes it an
agent of last resort. Mupirocin is effective for eradication
of S. aureus nasal colonization.
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CHAPTER 55
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS AND MISCELLANEOUS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS