DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

Table 29–5
Pharmacokinetic Characteristics and Doses of Anti-Arrhythmic Drugs
BIOAVAILABILITY ELIMINATION USUAL DOSES c
Reduced PROTEIN THERAPEUTIC b
First-Pass BINDING ELIMINATION ACTIVE PLASMA Maintenance
DRUG Metabolism >80% Renal Hepatic Other t 1/2
METABOLITE(S) CONCENTRATION Loading Doses Doses
Adenosine d ✓ <10 s ✓ 6–12 mg (IV only)
Amiodarone ✓ ✓ wk ✓ 0.5-2 g/mL 800–1600 mg/d 400 mg/day
× 1–3 wk (IV: 1000 (IV: 0.5 mg/min)
mg over 24 h)
Digoxin 80% ✓ 36 h 0.5-2.0 ng/mL 0.6–1 mg over 0.0625–0.5 mg/
12–24 h 24 h
Diltiazem ✓ ✓ 4 h (x) 0.25 mg/kg over 5-15 mg/h (IV);
10 min (IV) 180-360 mg/d in
3-4 divided doses
(immediate
release); 120-180
mg/24 h
(extended
release) e
Disopyramide >80% ✓ ✓ 4-10 h (x) 2-5 g/mL 150 mg/6 h
(immediate
release);
300 mg
(controlled
release f
Dofetilide >80% ✓ (x) 7-10 h 0.5 mg/12 h
Dronedarone ✓ >98 % ✓ 13-19 h ✓ 400 mg/12 h
Esmolol ✓ 5-10 min 0.5 mg/kg over 0.05-0.3 mg/kg/
1 min (IV) min for 4 min (IV)
Flecainide >80% ✓ 10-18 h 0.2-1 g/mL 50-100 mg/12 h
Ibutilide ✓ ✓ 6 h 1 mg (IV) over 10
min; may repeat
once 10 min later
Lidocaine ✓ ✓ ✓ 120 min (x) 1.5-5 g/mL 50-100 mg 1-4 mg/min (IV)
administered at a
rate of 25-50 mg/
min (IV)
(Continued)