DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

Table 7–3
Examples of Genetic Polymorphisms Influencing Drug Response (Continued)
GENE PRODUCT
(GENE) DRUGS ∗ RESPONSES AFFECTED
Targets and Receptors
Angiotensin- ACE inhibitors (e.g., enalapril) Renoprotective effects, hypotension, left
converting
ventricular mass reduction, cough
enzyme (ACE)
Thymidylate 5-Fluorouracil Colorectal cancer response
synthase
Chemokine Antiretrovirals, interferon Antiviral response
receptor 5
(CCR5)
β 2
Adrenergic β 2
Antagonists (e.g., albuterol, terbutaline) Bronchodilation, susceptibility to agonist-induced
receptor (ADBR2)
desensitization, cardiovascular effects (e.g.,
increased heart rate, cardiac index, peripheral
vasodilation)
β 1
Adrenergic β 1
Antagonists Blood pressure and heart rate after β 1
antagonists
receptor (ADBR1)
5-Lipoxygenase Leukotriene receptor antagonists Asthma response
(ALOX5)
Dopamine Antipsychotics (e.g., haloperidol, Antipsychotic response (D 2
, D 3
, D 4
),
receptors clozapine, thioridazine, nemonapride) antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia (D 3
)
(D 2
, D 3
, D 4
) and acute akathisia (D 3
), hyperprolactinemia in
females (D 2
)
Estrogen Estrogen hormone replacement therapy High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
receptor α
Serotonin Antidepressants (e.g., clomipramine, Clozapine effects, 5-HT neurotransmission,
transporter fluoxetine, paroxetine, fluvoxamine) antidepressant response
(5-HTT)
Serotonin Antipsychotics Clozapine antipsychotic response, tardive
receptor
dyskinesia, paroxetine antidepression response,
(5-HT 2A
)
drug discrimination
HMG-CoA
reductase Pravastatin Reduction in serum cholesterol
Vitamin K Warfarin ∗ Anticoagulant effect, bleeding risk
oxidoreductase
(VKORC1)
Corticotropin Glucocorticoids Bronchodilation, osteopenia
releasing hormone
receptor (CRHR1)
Ryanodine
receptor (RYR1) General anesthetics Malignant hyperthermia
Modifiers
Adducin Diuretics Myocardial infarction or strokes, blood pressure
Apolipoprotein E Statins (e.g., simvastatin), tacrine Lipid-lowering; clinical improvement in
Alzheimer’s disease
Human leukocyte Abacavir, carbamazepine, phenytoin Hypersensitivity reactions
antigen
(Continued)