DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

Indirect-acting Amphetamine CNS stimulation Treatment of ADHD Restlessness Schedule II drugs
Methamphe- a blood pressure Narcolepsy Tremor Marked tolerance
tamine Myocardial stimulation Obesity (rarely) Insomnia occurs
Methyphenidate Anxiety Chronic use leads
(releases NE Tachycardia to dependence
peripherally; Hypertension Can result in
NE, DA, 5-HT Cardiac arrhythmias hemorrhagic stroke
centrally)
in patients with
underlying disease
Long-term use can
cause paranoid
schizophrenia
Mixed-acting Dopamine Vasodilation (coronary, Cardiogenic shock High doses lead to Important for its ability
(α 1
; α 2
, renal mesenteric beds) Congestive heart failure vasoconstriction to maintain renal
β 1
, D 1
; a GFR and natriuresis Treatment of acute blood flow
releases NE) renal failure Administered IV
a heart rate and
contractility
a systolic blood
pressure
Ephedrine Similar to epinephrine Bronchodilator for treatment Restlessness Administered by all
(α 1
, α 2
, but longer lasting of asthma Tremor routes
β 1
, β 2
; CNS stimulation Nasal congestion Insomnia Not commonly used
releases NE) Treatment of hypotension Anxiety
and shock
Tachycardia
Hypertension
α Blockers
Non-selective PBZ b PVR and Treatment of catecholamine Postural hypotension Cardiac stimulation
(classical Phentolamine blood pressure excess (e.g., Failure of ejaculation due to initiation of
α blockers) Tolazoline Venodilation pheochromocytoma) reflexes and to
enhanced release of
NE via α 2
receptor
blockade.
(Continued)
CHAPTER 12
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS
323