DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

Olanzapine
dosage of, 425t
metabolism of, 433t
pharmacokinetics of, 1869t
potencies at neurotransmitter
receptors, 427t
for pruritus, 1828t
side effects of, 425t
Olfactory bulb, beta adrenergic
receptors in, 204t
Olfactory nucleus, beta adrenergic
receptors in, 204t
Olmesartan
as antihypertensive agent, 774t,
785–786
pharmacokinetics of, 1870t
Olmesartan medoxomil, 745
Olmessartan medoxomil, structure of,
737f
Olopatadine hydrochloride,
921t, 922
for ophthalmic use, 1789
Olsalazine, structure of, 977f
Omapatrilat, 932
Omeprazole
CYP2C19 and, 157
esomperazole and, 1802
metabolism of, 128t
pharmacology of, 1311–1312
polymorphisms and response to,
159t
therapeutic uses of
for gastric cytoprotection, 952
for gastroesophageal reflux
disease, 1318t
for ulcers, 1319t
Onchocerciasis, 1447, 1455–1456
Ondansetron, 1341–1343
pharmacokinetics of, 1870t, 1871t
therapeutic uses of, for nausea and
vomiting, in cancer
chemotherapy, 1344t
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,
153t
ONTAK (denileukin difitox), 1745,
1750, 1827
Onychomycosis, 1818
therapy for, 1816t
OPC-21268, 715t
OPC-31260, 716t
OPC-41061, 716t
OPC-51803, 709t, 717
Ophthalmia neonatorum, prophylaxis,
1781t
Opioid antagonists, 513–515
Opioid antidote, 86t
Opioid receptor antagonists, for
pruritus, 1828t
Opioid receptors, 486–490
delta, 485t
kappa, 485t
mu, 485t
Opioids
abuse and addiction, 523, 658–661
actions and selectivities of, 485t
analgesia due to, 491
mechanism and sites, 492–493
antidiuretic hormone and, 495
biliary tract and, 498
bladder and, 498
cardiovascular system and, 496–497
for chronic pain, guidelines for, 520t
comibination therapy, 521–522
constipation with, 1335
cough with, 496
for diarrhea, 1337
dosage of, 519
for dyspnea, 522–523
effect profile, 491–498
endogenous, 484, 485t–486t
esophagus and, 497
gastrointestinal tract and, 497
growth hormone and, 495
immune system and, 498
inhalation of, 518
intestine and, 497
miosis and, 495
mood alterations and rewarding
properties of, 493–494
nauseant and emetic effects, 496
nerve injury and, 491
neuroendocrine effects with,
495–496
non-analgesic therapeutic uses of,
522–523
oxytocin and, 495
prolactin and, 495
rectal administration of, 518
respiration and, 493–494
rotation of, 521
routes of administration, intraspinal
infusion, 500t
sedation with, 494–495
sex hormones and, 495
skin and, 498
stomach and, 497
therapeutic uses of, 518–522
tissue injury and, 491
tolerance, 521
toxicity, 523–524
transnasal administration of, 518
types of, 499
Opioids (Cont.):
uterus and, 498
variables modifying therapeutic
response to, 519–520
and vasopressin secretion, 704
Opioid toxidrome, 83t
Opisthorchis infections, 1449
Oprelvekin, 1075
Optic nerve, 1774, 1776f, 1778
systemic agents affecting, 1792
Optic neuropathy, toxic, agents
causing, 1792
OPTIVAR (azelastine), 922, 1789
ORAGALUTRAN (ganirelix), 1119t
Oral administration, 20–21
Oral bioavailability
of common drugs, 1809t–1890t
hepatic disease and, 1802
as pharmacodynamic parameter, 1802
Oral contraceptives, 1185–1186. See
also Estrogen(s); Progestins
brand names, 1835t–1836t
cancer and, 1187
cardiovascular effects, 1187
combination
adverse effects and side effects of,
1834
biphasic, 1833
brand names, 1835t
formulations, 1835t
contraindications to, 1834
estrophasic
brand names, 1836t
formulations, 1836t
extended-cycle, 1833
brand names, 1836t
formulations, 1836t
monophasic, 1833
brand names, 1835t
formulations, 1835t
one-year failure rate, 1834t
therapeutic uses of, 1834
triphasic, 1833
brand names, 1835t
formulations, 1835t
and dyslipidemia, 890t
for endometriosis, 1840
formulations, 1835t–1836t
for hirsutism, 1840
mechanism of action, 1186
metabolic effects, 1187–1188
polymorphisms and response to,
161t
progestin-only, 1836
brand names, 1836t
formulations, 1836t
2055
INDEX