DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

1390
SECTION VII
CHEMOTHERAPY OF MICROBIAL DISEASES
Table 49–3
Regimens for the Treatment of Malaria (Continued)
POTENTIAL ADVERSE
DRUG INDICATION ADULT DOSAGE PEDIATRIC DOSAGE a EFFECTS COMMENTS
Chloroquine P. falciparum from 600 mg base 10 mg base/kg orally Nausea, vomiting, Safe in children and pregnant
phosphate chloroquine (1000 mg salt) immediately, followed rash, headache, women
sensitive areas orally immediately, by 5 mg base/kg orally dizziness, urticaria, Give for chemoprophylaxis (500 mg
P vivax from followed by 300 mg at 6, 24, and 48 h abdominal pain, salt orally every week) in pregnant
chloroquine base (500 mg salt) Total dose: 25 mg pruritus women with chloroquine-sensitive
sensitive areas orally at 6, 24, and base/kg P. vivax
All P. ovale 48 h Contraindicated if retinal or visual
All P malariae Total dose: 1500 mg field change; hypersensitivity to
All P. knowlesi base (2500 mg 4-aminoquinolines
salt)
Use with caution in those with
impaired liver function since the
drug is concentrated in the liver
Clindamycin P. falciparum from Oral: 20 mg base/kg/d Oral: 20 mg base/kg/d Diarrhea, nausea, Always use in combination with
(oral or IV) chloroquine- orally divided orally divided 3 times rash quinine-quinidine
resistant areas 3 times daily × 7 d daily × 7 d Safe in children and pregnant
P vivax from IV: 10 mg base/kg IV: 10 mg base/kg women
chloroquine- loading dose IV loading dose IV
resistant areas followed by 5 mg followed by 5 mg
base/kg IV every base/kg IV every 8 h;
8 h; switch to switch to oral
oral clindamycin clindamycin (oral dose
(as above)
as above) as soon as
as soon as patient patient can take oral
can take oral meds; medication; treatment
duration = 7 d course = 7 d