DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

Available routes of estrogen administration for
hormone replacement therapy (Table 66–3) include
oral, transdermal (patch, gel, and spray), and vaginal
(cream, ring, and tablets). In women who have undergone
hysterectomy, estrogen alone is used. For women
with an intact uterus, a progestin also is administered to
oppose the proliferative effect of the estrogen on the
uterine endometrium.
Typically, the estrogen and progestin are administered
together daily without a break; rarely, a cyclic-sequential administration
is used, with the estrogen administered daily for 21-28 days of
a 28-day cycle and the progestin added during the last 10-12 days.
Table 66–3
Brand Names and Formulations of Agents Used for Hormone Replacement Therapy
PREPARATION BRAND DOSE (mg) FREQUENCY
Oral estrogen (tablets)
Conjugated estrogens
CENESTIN
ENJUVIA 0.3, 0.45, 0.625, 0.9, 1.25
PREMARIN
Estropipate OGEN 0.625, 1.25, 1.5
ORTHO-EST 0.75, 1.5
1/day
Micronized estrogen ESTRACE 0.5, 1, 2
Estradiol FEMTRACE 0.45, 0.9, 1.8
Esterified estrogens MENEST 0.3, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5
Transdermal estradiol
Patch ALORA 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 2/week
CLIMARA 0.025, 0.0375, 0.05, 0.06, 0.075, 0.1 1/week
ESCLIM 0.025, 0.0375, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 2/week
ESTRADERM 0.05, 0.1 2/week
MENOSTAR 0.014 1/week
VIVELLE 0.05, 0.1 2/week
VIVELLE-DOT 0.025, 0.0375, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 2/week
Gel DIVIGEL 0.25, 0.5, 1 g/packet 1/day
ELESTRIN 0.87 g/pump 1/day
ESTROGEL 1.25 g/pump 1/day
Emulsion ESTRASORB 1.74 g/pouch 2/day
Spray EVAMIST 1.53 mg/spray 1-3 sprays/day
Vaginal estrogen
Estradiol ESTRACE (cream) 0.1 mg/g 1/day, then 1-3/week
ESTRING (ring) 7.5 μg/24 hr 1/90 days
FEMRING (ring) 0.05, 0.1 mg/day 1/3 months
VAGIFEM (tabs) 25 μg 1/day for 2 weeks, then
2/week
Conjugated estrogens PREMARIN (cream) 0.625 mg/g 1/day
Oral progestin
Norethindrone AYGESTIN 5 mg
Progesterone (micronized) PROMETRIUM 100, 200 mg 1/day
Medroxyprogesterone PROVERA 2.5, 5, 10 mg
Oral estrogen plus progesterone Estrogen (mg) Progesterone (mg)
Estradiol/norethindrone ACTIVELLA 1 0.5
Estradiol/drospirenone ANGELIQ 1 0.5 1/day
Ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone FEMHRT 0.5 2.5 μg
1 5 μg
Transdermal estrogen plus progesterone
Estradiol/levonorgestrel CLIMARA PRO 0.045 mg/day 0.015 mg/day 1/week
Estradiol/norethindrone COMBIPATCH 0.05 mg/day 0.14 mg/day 2/week
0.05 mg/day 0.25 mg/day 2/week