DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

Doxycycline P falciparum from Oral: 100 mg orally Oral: 2.2 mg/kg orally Nausea, vomiting, Always use in combination with
(oral or IV) chloroquine- twice daily × 7 d every12 h × 7 d diarrhea, abdominal quinine or quinidine
resistant areas IV: 100 mg IV every IV: IV only if patient is pain, dizziness, Contraindicated in children
P vivax from 12 h and then switch not able to take oral photosensitivity, < 8 y, pregnant women, and
chloroquine- to oral doxycycline medication; for children headache, persons with known
resistant areas (as above) as soon <45 kg, give 2.2 mg/kg esophagitis, hypersensitivity to tetracyclines
as patient can take IV every 12 h and then odynophagia Food and milk decrease
oral medication; switch to oral Rarely hepatotoxicity, absorption of doxycycline, will
treatment course = 7 d doxycycline (dose as pancreatitis, and decrease GI disturbances
above) as soon as patient benign intracranial To prevent esophagitis, take
can take oral medication; hypertension seen tetracyclines with
for children >45 kg, use with tetracycline large amounts of fluids,
same dosing as for adults; class of drugs (patients should not lie down for
duration = 7 d
1 h after taking the drugs)
Barbiturates, carbamazepine, or
phenytoin may cause reduction
in C p
of doxycycline
Hydroxychloro- Second-line 620-mg base 10-mg base/kg orally Nausea, vomiting, Safe in children and pregnant
quine (oral) alternative for (= 800 mg salt) immediately, followed rash, headache, women
treatment of: orally immediately, by 5-mg base/kg orally dizziness, urticaria, Contraindicated if retinal or visual
P. falciparum followed by 310 mg at 6, 24, and 48 h abdominal pain, field change; hypersensitivity to
and P. vivax base (= 400 mg Total dose: 25-mg pruritus b 4-aminoquinolines
from chloroquine- salt) orally at 6, base/kg Use with caution in those with
sensitive areas 24, and 48 h impaired liver function
All P. ovale
All P. malariae
Total dose: 1550-mg
base (= 2000 mg
salt)
(Continued)
CHAPTER 49
CHEMOTHERAPY OF MALARIA
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