DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

treatment are necessary. There probably will be periods
of relapse and remission. While complete abstinence is
the preferred goal, in reality, most patients are at risk to
resume drug-seeking behavior and require one or more
periods of retreatment. Maintenance medication can be
effective in some circumstances, such as methadone,
buprenorphine, or naltrexone for opioid dependence, and
disulfiram, naltrexone, or acamprosate for alcoholism.
The process can best be compared to the treatment of
other chronic disorders such as diabetes, asthma, or
hypertension. Long-term medication may be necessary,
and cures are not likely. When viewed in the context of
chronic disease, the available treatments for addiction are
quite successful in that the majority of patients improve,
but improvement does not necessarily persist after treatment
has ceased (McLellan et al., 2000; O’Brien, 1994).
Long-term treatment is accompanied by improvements
in physical status as well as in mental, social, and
occupational function. Unfortunately, there is general
pessimism in the medical community about the benefits
of treatment such that most of the therapeutic effort is
directed at the complications of addiction, such as pulmonary,
cardiac, and hepatic disorders. Prevention of
these complications can be accomplished by addressing
the underlying addictive disorder.
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CHAPTER 24
DRUG ADDICTION