DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

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SECTION II
NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
Table 12–5
Summary of Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists (continued)
PROMINENT
PRINCIPAL
CLASS DRUGS PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIONS THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS UNTOWARD EFFECTS COMMENTS
β 2
-selective Albuterol Relaxation of bronchial Bronchodilators for treatment of Skeletal muscle tremor Use with caution
(intermediate Bitolterol smooth muscle asthma and COPD Tachycardia and other in patients with
acting) Fenoterol Relaxation of uterine Short/intermediate-acting cardiac effects seen after CV disease
Isoetharine smooth muscle drugs for acute bronchospasm systemic administration (reduced by
Levalbuterol Activation of other β 2
(much less with inhalational
Metaproterenol receptors after systemic inhalational use) administration)
Pirbuterol administration Minimal side
Procaterol
effects
Terbutaline
(Long acting) Formoterol Best choice for prophylaxis Long action
Salmeterol due to long action favored for
Arformoterol Ritodrine, to stop prophylaxis
Carniterol
Indacaterol
Ritodrine
premature labor
α Receptor
agonists
α 1
-selective Methoxamine Vasoconstriction Nasal congestion (used topically) Hypertension Mephentermine
Phenylephrine Postural hypotension Reflex bradycardia and metaraminol
Mephentermine Dry mouth, sedation, also act indirectly
Metaraminol rebound hypertension to release NE
Midodrine upon abrupt withdrawal Midodrine, a
prodrug
activated
in vivo
α 2
-selective Clonidine b sympathetic Adjunctive therapy in shock Apraclonidine and
Apraclonidine outflow from brain to Hypertension brimonidine
Guanfacine periphery resulting in To reduce sympathetic response used topically
Guanabenz b PVR and to withdrawal from narcotics, for glaucoma
Brimonidine blood pressure alcohol, and tobacco and ocular
α-methyldopa b nerve-evoked Glaucoma hypertension
release of sympathetic
Methyldopa is
transmitters
converted in CNS
b production of
to α-methyl NE, an
aqueous humor
effective α 2
agonist