DƯỢC LÍ Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 12th, 2010

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SECTION VII
CHEMOTHERAPY OF MICROBIAL DISEASES
Table 49–3
Regimens for the Treatment of Malaria (Continued)
POTENTIAL ADVERSE
DRUG INDICATION ADULT DOSAGE PEDIATRIC DOSAGE a EFFECTS COMMENTS
Mefloquine c P. falciparum from 684 mg base 13.7 mg base/kg GI complaints Contraindicated if hypersensitive
chloroquine- (= 750 mg salt) (= 15 mg salt/kg) orally (nausea, vomiting, to the drug or to related
resistant areas, orally as initial as initial dose, followed diarrhea, abdominal compounds; cardiac conduction
except Thailand- dose, followed by 9.1 mg base/kg pain), mild CNS abnormalities; psychiatric
Burmese and by 456 mg base (= 10 mg salt/kg) orally complaints disorders; and seizure disorders
Thailand- (= 500 mg salt) given 6-12 h after initial (dizziness, headache, Do not administer if patient has
Cambodian orally given dose somnolence, sleep received related drugs
border regions 6-12 h after Total dose = 25 mg disorders), myalgia, (chloroquine, quinine, quinidine)
P. vivax from initial dose salt/kg mild skin rash, and less than 12 h ago
chloroquine- Total dose = fatigue; moderate
resistant areas 1250 mg salt to severe
neuropsychiatric
reactions,
ECG changes,
including sinus
arrhythmia, sinus
bradycardia, first
degree A-V block,
QTc prolongation,
and abnormal
T waves
Primaquine Radical cure of 30 mg base orally 0.5 mg base/kg orally GI disturbances, Must screen for G6PD deficiency
phosphate P. vivax and per day × 14 d per day × 14 d methemoglobinemia prior to use
P. ovale (self-limited), Contraindicated in persons with
(to eliminate hemolysis in G6PD deficiency; pregnant women
hypnozoites) persons with G6PD Should be taken with food to
deficiency
minimize GI adverse effects