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Corrigé des exercices - Dunod

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365<br />

Donc Y (Ω) = {−1,1}. Et (Y = −1) = +∞ ⋃<br />

(X = 2n + 1), (Y = 1) = +∞ ⋃<br />

(X = 2n)<br />

n=0<br />

Alors P(Y = −1) = +∞ ∑<br />

P(X = 2n + 1) = +∞ ∑<br />

n=0<br />

P(Y = 1) = +∞ ∑<br />

P(X = 2n) = +∞ ∑<br />

n=1<br />

n=0<br />

n=0<br />

λ 2n<br />

(2n)! e−λ = e −λ eλ +e −λ<br />

2<br />

.<br />

Ainsi P(Y = −1) = 1−e−2λ<br />

2<br />

et P(Y = 1) = 1+e−2λ<br />

2<br />

.<br />

n=1<br />

λ 2n+1<br />

(2n+1)! e−λ = e −λ eλ −e −λ<br />

2<br />

.<br />

Y est une variable aléatoire réelle discrète finie, donc Y admet une espérance et une variance.<br />

E(Y ) = − 1−e−2λ<br />

2<br />

+ 1+e−2λ<br />

2<br />

= e −2λ et<br />

E(Y 2 ) = 1−e−2λ<br />

2<br />

+ 1+e−2λ<br />

2<br />

= 1, et par la formule de Koenig-Huyghens V (Y ) = 1 − e −4λ .<br />

Exercice 30.9<br />

Y (Ω) = N.<br />

(<br />

P(Y = 0) = P (X = 0) ⋃ )<br />

+∞ ⋃<br />

(X = 2n + 1)<br />

= P(X = 0) +<br />

= e −λ +<br />

+∞∑<br />

n=0<br />

n=0<br />

+∞∑<br />

n=0<br />

P(X = 2n + 1)<br />

λ 2n+1<br />

(2n + 1)! e−λ<br />

Or e λ = +∞ ∑<br />

k=0<br />

λ k<br />

k!<br />

et e −λ = +∞ ∑<br />

k=0<br />

En soustrayant, e λ − e −λ = 2 +∞ ∑<br />

(−1) k λ k<br />

k!<br />

.<br />

n=0<br />

λ 2n+1<br />

(2n+1)! .<br />

Alors P(Y = 0) = 1+2e−λ −e −2λ<br />

2<br />

.<br />

Et pour tout entier k non nul, P(Y = k) = P(X = 2k) = λ2k<br />

(2k)! e−λ .<br />

La série de terme général k λ2k<br />

(2k)!<br />

converge. Donc Y admet une espérance.<br />

E(Y ) =<br />

+∞∑<br />

k=1<br />

= λe−λ<br />

2<br />

kλ 2k<br />

(2k)! e−λ<br />

+∞∑<br />

k=1<br />

λ 2k−1<br />

(2k − 1)!<br />

= λe−λ e λ − e −λ<br />

2 2<br />

= λ(1 − e−2λ )<br />

4

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