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Corrigé des exercices - Dunod

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81<br />

4. a) On a<br />

b) On calcule<br />

h = 1 2 L 3(f)<br />

= 1 2 (f − α Id E)(f − α Id E )<br />

= 1 (<br />

f 2 )<br />

− (α + α)f + αα Id E<br />

2<br />

= 1 (<br />

f 2 + 2 2 3 f + 1 )<br />

3 Id E<br />

= 1 (<br />

3f 2 )<br />

+ 2f + Id E<br />

6<br />

h 2 = 1 (<br />

3f 2 ) 1 (<br />

+ 2f + Id E 3f 2 )<br />

+ 2f + Id E<br />

6<br />

6<br />

= 1 (<br />

9f 4 + 12f 3 + 10f 2 )<br />

+ 4f + Id E<br />

36<br />

En effectuant la division euclidienne de 9X 4 + 12X 3 + 10X 2 + 4X + 1 par T, on trouve que<br />

On en conclut que<br />

9X 4 + 12X 3 + 10X 2 + 4X + 1 = T(X)(3X + 5) + 18X 2 + 12X + 6<br />

c’est-à-dire que h est un projecteur.<br />

h 2 = 1 (<br />

18f 2 )<br />

+ 12f + 6Id E<br />

36<br />

= 1 6 (3f2 + 2f + Id E )<br />

= h<br />

Chapitre 12<br />

Exercice 12.1<br />

1. On voit que A 2 = 0. On en déduit que A 0 = I, A 1 = A et A n = 0 pour n 2.<br />

2. On constate que B = I + 3A.<br />

3. Les matrices A et I commutant, on peut appliquer la formule du binôme de Newton pour<br />

trouver<br />

B n = (I + 3A) n<br />

n∑<br />

( n<br />

= 3<br />

k)<br />

k }{{}<br />

A k<br />

k=0 =0<br />

pour k2<br />

= I + 3nA<br />

( )<br />

3n + 1 3n<br />

=<br />

−3n −3n + 1

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