Translation Universals.pdf - ymerleksi - home
Translation Universals.pdf - ymerleksi - home
Translation Universals.pdf - ymerleksi - home
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
When is a universal not a universal? 61<br />
Notes<br />
1. Schmied and Schäffler (1996) prefer to use the term explicitness rather than explicitation.<br />
On this issue cf. Chesterman, this volume.<br />
2. Our observations are limited to the American context because comparable British data<br />
for the same time span were not available from the Index, and other countries of publication<br />
had been excluded from the CEXI sampling frame.<br />
3. Informal interviews of native speakers of English/Italian acquainted with Italian/English<br />
culture confirmed without exception our intuitions.<br />
4. http://www.ccl.umist.ac.uk/staff/mona/tec.html#fiction, consulted 28/04/03.<br />
References<br />
Baker, Mona (1995). Corpora in <strong>Translation</strong> Studies: An Overview and some Suggestions<br />
for Future Research. Target, 7(2), 223–243.<br />
Baker, Mona (1996). Corpus-based <strong>Translation</strong> Studies: The Challenges that Lie<br />
Ahead. In H. L. Somers (Ed.), Terminology, LSP and <strong>Translation</strong> (pp. 175–186).<br />
Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.<br />
Beaugrande, Robert-Alain de (n.d.) Descriptive Linguistics at the Millennium: Corpus Data<br />
as Authentic Language. Online: http://www.beaugrande.com/, consulted 28/09/03.<br />
BNC – British National Corpus. Online: http://info.ox.ac.uk/bnc/, consulted 28/09/03.<br />
Burnard, Lou (1995). Users’ Reference Guide for the British National Corpus (SGML version).<br />
Oxford: Oxford University Computing Services.<br />
CEXI – English Italian <strong>Translation</strong>al Corpus. Online: http://www.sitlec.unibo.it/cexi/,<br />
consulted 28/09/03.<br />
Chemnitz English-German <strong>Translation</strong> Corpus. Online: http://www.tuchemnitz.de/phil/<br />
english/chairs/linguist/real/independent/transcorpus/index.htm, consulted 28/09/03.<br />
COMPARA – Portuguese English Comparable Corpus. Online: http://www.linguateca.pt/<br />
COMPARA/Welcome.html, consulted 28/09/03.<br />
ENPC – English Norwegian Parallel Corpus. Online: http://www.hf.uio.no/iba/prosjekt/,<br />
consulted 28/09/03.<br />
Even-Zohar, Itamar (2000 [1978/1990]). The Position of Translated Literature within<br />
the Literary Polysystem. This version originally published in Poetics Today, 11(1),<br />
45–51. Reprinted in L. Venuti (Ed.), The <strong>Translation</strong> Studies Reader (pp. 192–197).<br />
London: Routledge. Online: http://www.tau.ac.il/˜itamarez/ps/pos_trli.htm, consulted<br />
28/09/03.<br />
Firth, J. R. (1935). On Sociological Linguistics. Extracted from Firth, J. R.: The Technique of<br />
Semantics – Transactions of the Royal Society. Reprinted in D. Hymes (Ed.), Language in<br />
Culture and Society [1964] (pp. 66–70). New York: Harper International.<br />
Firth, J. R. (1956). Descriptive Linguistics and the Study of English. In F. R. Palmer<br />
(Ed.), Selected Papers of J. R. Firth 1952–1959 [1968] (pp. 96–113). London/Harlow:<br />
Longman.