A Guide to the Russian Academy of Sciences - University of Texas ...

1962, he worked at the I. V. Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy. After 1962, he
worked at the Institute of Nuclear physics of the Siberian Department of the AN
SSSR and the Russian Academy of Sciences, and since 1965, he has served as
rector of Novosibirsk University. Since 1969, he has been head of Theory
Laboratory of the Nuclear Physics Institute in Novosibirsk. From 1967 to 1978, he
was a member of the Presidium of the Siberian Department. Since 1983, he has
served as head of the General and Nuclear Physics Division of the I. V. Kurchatov
Atomic Energy Institute in Moscow. He has worked on relativistic plasma, the
quantum theory of many particles, and the theory of the atomic nucleus. He is a
deputy to the Academician Secretary of the Nuclear Physics Department of the
Academy. (GSE 3, p. 141.)]
A Great Volume of Fundamental Research in the field of Nuclear Low-and Medium
Energy Physics is being carried out at the Kurchatov Institute. The first area of
research activities involves experiments on charged-particle accelerators. The own
accelerating base is restricted to low energies. A cyclotron and four electrostatic
generators (one of which is tandem) are usually used for search works, adjustment
of original methods and obtaining early results with which it is possible to develop
further the joint works on a more perfect experimental basis in different centers.
The works of this kind has been currently performed and planned to be performed
in collaboration with, in particular, the Institutes of Germany (Darmstandt, Berlin,
Karlsruhe), Finland, Iapan. The research area covers new " hot spots " of nuclear
physics, such as " nuclear rainbow", neutron halo in light nuclei, nuclei over
enriched in neutrons including those produced by reactions with secondary
radioactive beams.
Second, the activities in the field of relativistic nuclear physics involving experiments with
high-energy heavy ion beams were started in IGNP using the Dubna and Berkeley
accelerators. The activities in this field is currently under intensive development.
The IGNP teams are involved in the International collaborations and the Darmstadt,
CERN, Brookhaven activities. Great collaborative efforts are being made on future
experiments on new-generation accelerators under construction in CERN (LHC)
and Brookhaven (RHIC).
Neutron and fission physics are presented with fine effect studies, for example, three-part
division, studies on exotic division resonances, beta-decay of short-lived fission
fragments, parity nonconservation effects in fission and neutron passage through
matter. Intensive studies on ultracold neutrons yielded one of the best values of a
neutron life. These studies are being performed in the channels of the IR-8 test
reactor and the reactor in Gatchina. Our proposals are being regularly adopted and
joint works are being performed at the European Reactor Center in Grenoble.
Sophisticated measurements of nuclear constants, e.g. of fission cross-sections for
rare transuranic isotopes are being performed and sometimes with only a few
nanograms of matter. For first time obtained was a fission cross-section for
uranium-235 from an isomeric state. The studies of neutrino and weak-interaction
physics and widely presented. Two teams carry out studies on reactions with
reactor antineutrino on commercial reactors in Krasnoyarsk and Rovno. These
teams possess more than 70% of the world statistics data and the most precise
results. The process has been studied of a backward beta-decay of a neutron (antineutrino-proton
interaction and the limits have been posed on the parameters of
neutrino oscillations; the data has been obtained on an antineutrino interaction with
a neutron in a charged and neutral channels, and on antineutrino scattering by
electrons (which has yielded the best limit on an antineutrino magnetic moment),
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