A Guide to the Russian Academy of Sciences - University of Texas ...

1. detecting a state spruce forests with the coefficient of defoliation and age of spruce
accumulating organs.;
2. determination of standing timber productivity for basic and anthropogenicallytransformed
spruce on the basis of regression equation like that log y =a+b log xc
using coefficients obtained, where dependent variable x-d2h, and y-- phytomass
fraction or production;
3. program of monitoring observations.
Problems of soil science
There was elaborated an idea of forming. Al-Fe-humus soil acidity under conditions of
industrial air pollution by sulphur and heavy metals' compounds. There was
studied a role of biogenic acidification and acid formation matters, invaded from
industrial emission, while forming soil acidification. There was recorded a non-line
character of changing the parameters of soil acidification and circulation of mineral
elements regarding the distance from pollution sources.
There was characterized microbial component biomass, structure and diversity for Al-Fehumus
podzol soils within the tundra area of the Kola Peninsula while defining
biogeochemical functions of micro-organisms in maintenance of Arctic ecosystems'
homeostasis. There was found out, that biomass of Fungi mycelium predominates
the bacteria biomass only in cumulative organogenic horizon. There were recorded
some discrepancies in structure of microbe component and content of dominating
species between Al-Fe-humus podzol tundra and taiga soils.
Problems of ecology of biological systems
There was studied a mechanism of soil microbe component resistance under extreme nature
and technogenic conditions. In ecosystems there is a biological mechanism, which
decreases soil metallotoxicosis in a zone affected by large operating smelter. It is
so-called multyfunction ability of species, involved in the ecosystem, and the
organisms' ability to uptake oligotrophic matter.
It was recorded, that micro-organisms tolerant to metals are usually tolerant to acids.
In microbial soil communities, bearing high concentrations of heavy metals (1000-2000
mgkg-1 of copper and 2000-4000 mgkg-1 of nickel ), there predominate acidophile
species of micro-organisms.
There were studied physiological and biochemical characteristics of p.p.Penicillium and
Phodotorula fungi and their high immobilization ability for heavy metals ( to 60%
of copper and nickel from solutions ). Fungi were recommended for biopurification
of industrial wastes and given to the All-Russia Collection of Micro-organisms (
Pushchino City )
Trace elements in biology
On the basis of chemical analysis of hair composition there were detected regional
peculiarities of micro-element status for the children' organism living in the cities
not far from smelters in the Kola Peninsula. Those peculiarities are characterised by
low levels of content of many essential trace elements and a slight content of
regional prior environment pollutants: Ni, Cu., Co.
855