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Small Decentralized Hydropower Program National ... - Cd3wd.com

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las consideraciones economicas lo permitan, se<br />

re<strong>com</strong>ienda el Barraje <strong>com</strong>plete de<br />

mamposteria o concrete, con su vertedero en<br />

la cresta.<br />

2. La Descurgu de Fonda, en todos 10s rios con<br />

acarreo de fondo considerable en epoca de<br />

lluvias consistira de ulna <strong>com</strong>puerta medica,<br />

manejable a mano desde un puente que se eleva<br />

encima de1 nival de agua en maxima avenida.<br />

El tamario de la <strong>com</strong>puerta depende de 10s<br />

bloques m&s grandes que puede acarrear el rio<br />

y que no deberan poder atorar la salida. La pen-<br />

diente de1 canal (antes y despues de la <strong>com</strong>puer-<br />

ta) depende de la pendiente natural de1 tie y<br />

debe ser suficiente para climinar todo el<br />

material que el tie pueda traer.<br />

3. La Suleru de Cuptuckh debe ser ? 30 cm. en-<br />

cima de1 nivel de la antecamara y tener sufi-<br />

ciente longitud para que la velocidad de1 agua<br />

en este sitio no pase de 10s 50 cm/s. En case de<br />

existir en el rio acarreo de pedrones, sera pro-<br />

tegida por una reja gruesa - (que puede con-<br />

sistir en tubos de hierro, de 8 2 N con 20 cm.<br />

de distancia libre). Si hay cuerpos flotantes,<br />

palizadas (p.e. en zonas de Selva), se con-<br />

struira un umbra1 encima de la entrada,<br />

convirtiendola en “Ventana de Entrada.”<br />

4. El piso de la Antechnuru tendra inclination<br />

fuerte hacia la Compuerta de Descarga de Fon-<br />

do y un pavimento de concrete o empedrado.<br />

Su nivel de entrada sera igual al nivel natural<br />

de1 rio para facilitar el paso de1 acarreo pesado<br />

de fondo. La zona delante de1 Barraje - quedara<br />

sin pavimento, ya que sera de decantacion y no<br />

habra en ella erosion, por la menos velocidad<br />

de1 agua.<br />

5. Entre la Solera de Captacion (3) y el Canal de<br />

Conduction (7) se colocara una Reju Finu (de<br />

4-5 cm. de paso) para impedir la entrada de<br />

cuerpos grandes de acarreo a este canal.<br />

Delante de esta reja se colocara una Compuerta<br />

Desripiadora, para liminar este material.<br />

6. Detr&s de la R.eja Fina se colocara una<br />

Cwnpwrtu (6) para controlar la admision de<br />

agua al Canal de Conduction.<br />

7. Para eliminar el exceso de agua en epoca de<br />

avenida, se construyen Vedederos Aliwiadores<br />

en la zona de Toma que limitzn el mvel mkximo<br />

de1 agua ha&a quedar debajo de 10s puentes de<br />

manejo de <strong>com</strong>puertas, accesos y otras partes<br />

de la construction que no deben inundarse. La<br />

147<br />

and/or “sod” to form the dam for that<br />

season. In cases where economic con-<br />

siderations permit such action, it is ad-<br />

visable to build a <strong>com</strong>plete dam of masonry<br />

or concrete with a spillway.<br />

2. The river bottom discharge, used in rivers<br />

with a considerable amount of bottom<br />

material carried during the rainy season,<br />

should consist of a metal gate which can be<br />

operated by hand from a bridge situated<br />

above the maximum water level. The size of<br />

the gate will deperJ on the biggest rocks<br />

that might be carried and which should not<br />

be allowed to obstruct the outflow. The<br />

slope of the canal (before and after the<br />

gates) will depend on the natural slope of<br />

the river and should be sufficient to<br />

eliminate all the material that the river<br />

could carry.<br />

3. The base of the intake area should be more<br />

than 30 cm above the level of the<br />

antechamber and its length along the river<br />

should be long enough to slow the speed of<br />

the water entering the intake to no more<br />

than 50 cm/s. in case of big rocks being<br />

carried by the river, the intake should be<br />

protected by a heavy rack which might be<br />

constructed with iron pipes 2” in diameter<br />

spaced 20 cm apart. If there is floating<br />

debris and logs (as in jungle zones), a “sill”<br />

should be constructed above the intake,<br />

converting it into an “intake window.”<br />

4. The antechamber canal should have a<br />

steep slope towards the river bottom<br />

discharge gate and should have a concrete<br />

or rock bed. The level of the discharge gate<br />

should be the same as the natural level of<br />

the river to facilitate passage of heavy bot-<br />

tom sediment. The area behind the dam<br />

should not be paved since it will constitute<br />

the sedimentation basin. Erosion is unlikely<br />

to happen due to the slower speed of the<br />

water.<br />

5. There should be a trash rack (4-5 cm. spac-<br />

ing) built between the intake (3) and the<br />

canal (7) to prevent the entrance into the<br />

canal of larger pieces of debris. There<br />

should be a gate in front of this trash rack<br />

to flush out some of the heavier debris.<br />

6. A sluice gate should be piaced after the<br />

trash rack to control the water admitted in-<br />

to the canal.

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