Small Decentralized Hydropower Program National ... - Cd3wd.com

zona altiplanica y cordillerana, 10s valles y el tropico.
Las caracterfsticas climatologicas determinan dif-
erencias de formas de vida entre sus pobladores. En
10s proyectos de electrifrcacion rural la experiencia
nos permite estimar que la dotacion initial se aprox-
ima a 10s 60 kilovatios hora mes abonado para el
tropico, de 40 kilovatios hora mes abonado para 10s
valles y 30 kilovatios hor mes abonado para el
altiplano y la zona cordillerana.
Se estima inicialmente en 10s proyectos en el area
rural 16 habitantes por abonado y despues de 10
afios de servicio se llega a 6 habitantes por abonado
valores que son considerados para servicio domestic0
a lo que se aiiaden las cargas industriales, alumbrado
ptiblico y otros.
Poblaciones en el Area Rural
Dentro de 10s alcances de 10s proyectos de electri-
ficacion rural y apoyandonos en 10s resultados
obtenidos en el tiltimo censo national de poblacion y
vivienda hemos dividido 10s centros poblados de
acuerdo al siguiente detalle: poblaciones con menos
de 200 habitantes, poblaciones de 200 a 500
habitantes, poblaciones de 500 a 1000 habitantes,
poblaciones de 1000 a 2000 habitantes, poblaciones
2000 a 5000 habitantes, poblaciones de 5000 a 10000
habitantes, y poblaciones de 10000 a 20000
habitantes.
Todas las poblaciones mayores ya no son con-
sideradas dentro de 10s proyectos de Electrification
Rural y son atendidos en generation, transmision y
distribution por ENDE, COBEE y las empresas
distribuidoras.
De las poblaciones que se hallan entre 2000 y
20000 habitantes, aproximadamente entre ei 45% y
el 50% es&In interconectados a 10s grandes sistemas
de ENDE, COBEE y Comibol, mientras que las
otras, cuentan con sistemas de pequena generation
en la mayor parte t&mica que debe ser reemplazada
o pequenas plantas hidroelectricas que resultan ob-
soletas y que por tanto deben tambien ser sustittidas
y en algunos otros cases que carecen absolutamente
de energia electrica.
En las poblaciones que cuentan con 2000
habitantes o menos, el problema es mas acentuado ya
que aproximadamente entre el30 a 35% es& inter-
cone&ados a 10s grandes sistemas, mientras que 10s
restantes cuentan con pequenas unidades de
genera&n t&mica o hidraulica que debe ser me-
jorada o simplemente no cuentan con energfa.
Por lo analizado las potencias en cuanto se refiere
a micro centrales comprenderian desde 20 kV hasta
kV con algunos cases excepcionales de 1 a 5 MV.
the tropical areas, with climate characteristics
determining differences in lifestyles among its in-
habitants.
Rural electrification project experience has
shown that initial allotment is nearly 6OkWh per
month per service for the tropical areas, 40kWh
monthly in the valley region and 30kWh in the
“altiplano” and the Andean ridge. In rural areas,
16 inhabitants per service are initially estimated.
10 years thereafter, 6 inhabitants per service
which are projected for domestic service. To this
must be added public industrial lighting.
Towns in Rural Areas
Within the reach of rural electrification pro-
jects and based on results obtained in the last
national census of population and dwellings, we
have divided population centers by their popula-
tion levels. Towns of more than 20,000 in-
habitants are no longer considered within rural
electrification projects and are served by ENDE,
COBEE and distributing corporations in regard to
their generation, transmission and distribution
needs.
Of those towns having between 2,000 to
20,000 inhabitants, approximately 45 to 50% are
linked to the complex systems of ENDE, COBEE
and COMIBOL, while others have small
powerplants, mostly thermal, which should be
replaced, or have hydroelectric plants which have
become obsolete and must therefore be replaced,
while others lack electric energy altogether.
While the problem is more acute in towns of
2,000 or less inhabitants, with 30 to 35% linkage
to complex (large) systems, all the remaining
ones, have small generating thermal or hydro
units which should be improved or which do not
have any.
As can be inferred, capacity of small
hydroelectric powerplants includes those from
20kW to 500kW with some exceptional cases
from 1 to 5MW, which in fact, are few.
In order to find positive solutions to the energy
situation, we are analyzing results obtained by
the National Meteorological and Hydrological
Service, based on the fact that since this
organization has hydraulic plants in some of the
main rivers, such resources can be utilized for
hydroelectric generation,
The following number of power plants are in
operation:
La Paz 60 stations
Cochabamba 50
287