Small Decentralized Hydropower Program National ... - Cd3wd.com

La institucionalizaci6n de 10s mecanismos de
operation y mantenimiento de las centrales, debe
ayudar al desarrollo comunitario, que constituye
un element0 esencial en la polftica de1 Gobierno Na-
cional,4 mediante un diseno que promueva el
equilibrio entre la autogestidn comunitaria, a traves
de la cual esta toma mayor responsabilidad en el
manejo de sus asuntos y el apoyo tecnico, financier0
y empresarial de organismos extracomunitanos.
Las poh’ticas mencionadas, constituyen, institu-
ciones 2, dentro de1 modelo desarrollado en este
trabajo.
Macroactividades
El modelo desarrollado, por razones de simplicidad,
no tom6 en consideration, !a posibfle estructura de las
actividades que constituyen el programa. En el
programa presente, se reconocen dos motivos de
estructurar las actividades. Uno, la existencia de
relaciones de precedencia e incidencia5 entre las ac-
tividades, que se expresan comlinmente en las redes
PERT o CPM, y otro, la insuficiencia de information,
que hate necesaria la experimentation, a fin de
perfeccionar 10s patrones de asignacidn de relaciones
(actividad-institution 1). Las actividades que confor-
man !a experimentzion, establecen relaciones de
precedencia respect0 de otras actividades de1
programa.
La estructuracion de las actividades, interviene en
zuanto se considera la cronologia de1 programa, o
sea, en cuanto se incorpora la variable tiempo.
En vista a la; condiciones mencionadas, se propone
un desarrollo, cronologicamente, creciente de la red
institutional, ya que algunos de 10s enlaces,
dependeran de 10s resultados de las actividades ex-
perimentales, las cuales est.&n soportadas por las por-
ciones “antiguas” de la red.
Las macroactividades, que conforman el programa
de desarrollo de microcentrales hidr5ulicas, se il-
ustran esquematicamente, en la fig. 5. Estas son las
siguientes:
1. Estud.ios generales e inicio de la red institu-
cional.
2. Construction de un pequeno ntimero de plantas
piloto.
3. Creation y perfeccionamiento de1 Sistema, me-
diante refinamiento de 10s estudios, investigation
y desarrollo tecnologico, ingenieril, industrial, in-
stitucional. Elaboration y/o adoption de
metodologfas norma.lizadas para la diseminacion
masiva de las centrales.
4. Diseminacion de microcentrales hidraulicas.
prises and maintenance of varied scale equip-
ment and with a geographically decentralized
distribution, in line with the policies of creating
industrial development poles.’
The institutionalization of the operation and
maintenance mechanisms of these plants should
assist in community development. This con-
stitutes a focal point of the national government
policies4 through a design to promote balance
between the community self-development effort
- so that the community takes more respon-
sibility in the management of its own business -
and the technical, financial, and entrepreneurial
support of extra-community organizations.
The policies, as mentioned, constitute institu-
tions 2 within the framework of the model
developed for this paper.
Macroactivities
For simplicity’s sake, the model developed
does not take into consideration the possible
structure of the activities which constitute the
program. In the present program, two reasons for
structuring the activities are recognized: (1) the
existence of relationships of precedence and in-
cidences between the activities which are com-
monly expressed in PERT or CPM charts; and (2)
the insufficiency of information which calls for
experimentation to perfect the pattern of relation-
ships (activity-institution 1). The activities which
conform to the experimentation establish
precedence relationships to other activities of the
program. Structuring of the activities intervenes
as soon as the time variable is incorporated.
In view of the conditions mentioned, a develop-
ment is proposed to increase the institutional
network since some of the relationships will de-
pend upon the results of the experimental ac-
tivities supported by the “old” portions of the
network.
The macroactivities which conform to the
microhydropower plant development program are
illustrated graphically in fig. 5. They are as
follows:
1. General study and initial institutional net-
work.
2. Construction of a small number of pilot
plants.
3. Creation and refining of the system through
continuation of the studies, research and
technical development, engineering, in-
dustrial and institutional development.
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