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Glosario<br />

Selectivamente escogidti y modificado de la “Introduc-<br />

cign General y Definition Hidrol6giea, U.S.G.S.<br />

Documento sebre Suministro de Agua 1541-A, par W.B.<br />

Laugbein y K.T. Iseri, y de1 “Asesoramiento Hidro-<br />

eldctrico y Aplicaciones para Pr&tamos de1 Depart-<br />

mento de Energia,” por H-L. Magleby, Spokane,<br />

Wash., 1980)<br />

Pez Anklrom - pez, tal <strong>com</strong>a el salmbn, que asciende tie<br />

arriba de1 mar en ciertas estaciones para depositar<br />

huevos.<br />

Desborde AnuaE - la punta mas alta de la descarga de1<br />

agua en un tie.<br />

Serie de Desborde Anual - una lista anual de<br />

inundaciones.<br />

Indice Antecedente de la Precipitacibn - Un indice de<br />

humedad almacenada dentro de un canal de drenaje antes<br />

de una tormeta.<br />

Curva de la Capacidad de un Area - un gr5fico indican-<br />

do la relaci6n entre el Brea de la superficie de agua en un<br />

reservorio y el volumen correspondiente.<br />

Promedin de la Descarga - el promedio aritmetico de<br />

todos 10s registros anuales <strong>com</strong>pletes de1 agua, fueren o<br />

no consecutivos.<br />

Promedio de Carga - la carga hipotitica con&ante<br />

durante un peri6do de tiempo especifico que producitia la<br />

misma enerda que la carga actual producitia por el mismo<br />

pen’odo de tiempo.<br />

Remanso - agua devuelta o retardada en su curso en<br />

<strong>com</strong>paracidn con su condici6n normal o natural de flujo.<br />

En !a medicidn de una corriente, una elevacidn en el nivel<br />

producida por &trucci6n temporal tal <strong>com</strong>a hielo o<br />

yuyos, o por la inundaci6n de la corriente de m5s abajo.<br />

La diferencia entre el nivel observado y el indicado por la<br />

relaci6n con el nivel de descarga, se reporta <strong>com</strong>a<br />

remo,nso.<br />

Almacenaje en el Banco - el agua absorbida en 10s ban-<br />

cos de la cuenca de una corriente, cuando ios niveles<br />

suben por encima de las tablas de1 agua en las forma-<br />

ciones de 10s bancos, y luego vuelve a la cuenca <strong>com</strong>a col-<br />

adura efluente cuando el nivel de1 agua caiga por debajo<br />

de las tablas de1 agua.<br />

Base de Descarga (para descarga de punta) - en 10s<br />

reportes anuales de la InvestigacZn Geol6gica de 10s EE.<br />

UU. sobye abastecimiento de agua robre la superficie, la<br />

descarga por encima de la cual se ptiblica la informacicin<br />

de la descarga de punta. La base de la descarga en cada<br />

estaci6n se selecciona de modo que se presentard un pro-<br />

media de mis o menos tres puntas al tie. (Ver tambi&<br />

Serie de Inundaciones de duracidn partial.)<br />

Base de Carga - la base de la carga es aquella porci6n<br />

de la c-u~va de la carg-d donde la demanda es continua o<br />

aproximadamente continua 100 por ciento de1 tiempo.<br />

Glossary<br />

Selectively chosen and modified from “General In.<br />

troduction and Hydrologic Definition, U.S.G.S. Water<br />

Supply Paper 1541-A, by W.B. Langbein and L.T. Iseri,<br />

and from “<strong>Hydropower</strong> Assessment and DOE Loan<br />

Applications”, by H.L. Magleby, Spokane,<br />

Washington,1880<br />

Anadromous Fish - Fish, such as salmon, which as-<br />

cend rivers from the sea at certain seasons to spawn.<br />

Annual Flood - the highest peak discharge in a water<br />

year.<br />

Annual Flood Series - a list of annual floods.<br />

Antecedent Precipitation Index - an index of<br />

moisture stored within a drainage basin before a<br />

storm.<br />

Area-capacity Curve - a graph showing the relation<br />

between the surface area of the water in a reservoir<br />

and the corresponding volume.<br />

Average Discharge - the arithmetic average of all<br />

<strong>com</strong>plete waler years of record whether or not they<br />

are consecutive.<br />

Average Load - the hypothetical constant load over a<br />

specified time period that would produce the same<br />

energy as the actual load would produce for the same<br />

period.<br />

Backwater - water backed up or retarded in its<br />

course as <strong>com</strong>pared with its normal or natural condi-<br />

tion of flow. In stream gauging, a rise in stage pro-<br />

dt sed r:y a temporary obstruction such as ice or<br />

needs, or by the flooding of the stream below. The dif-<br />

fercp:. : between the observed stage and that in-<br />

(jrfzz ‘, :~y the stage-discharge relation, is reported as<br />

iLiCk . Mer.<br />

Bank Storage - the water absorbed into the banks of<br />

a stream channel, when the stages rise above the<br />

water table in the bank formations, then returns to the<br />

channel as effluent seepage when the stages fall<br />

below the water table.<br />

Base Discharge (for p3ak discharge) - in the U.S.<br />

Geological Survey’s annual reports on surface water<br />

supply, the discharge above which peak discharge<br />

data are published. The base discharge at each sta-<br />

tion is selected so that an average of about three<br />

peaks a year will be presented. (See also Partial-<br />

duration flood series).<br />

Base Load - base load is that portion of the load<br />

curve where demand is continuous or nearly con-<br />

tinuous 100 percent of the time.<br />

Base Runoff - sustained or fair weather runoff. In<br />

most streams, base runoff is <strong>com</strong>posed largely of<br />

groundwater effluent. The term base flow is often<br />

used in the same sense as base runoff. However, the<br />

320

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