References Alward, R., et. al, 1979, “Micro-Hydra Power - Review- ing an old concept,” DOE/ET/O1752-I UC-97e, prepared fr?r the U.S. Department of Energy by the <strong>National</strong> Center for Appropriate Technology, Butte, Montana, 60 PP. Andrejanov, V.G., 1975, “Meteorological and Hydrological Data Required in Planning the Develop- ment of Water Resources (Planning and design level),” Operational Hydrology Report No. 5, WMO-No. 419, World Meteorological Organization, 42 pp. Benson, M.A., 1960, “Characteristics of Frequency Curves Based on a Theoretical IOOO-year Record,” in Dalrymple, T., Flood Frequency Analysis. U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1543-A, pp. 51-74. Body, D.N., 1980, “Further Research Needs in Representative and Experimental Basins Development and Understanding,” (separate paper), background paper Topic 3, Symposium on the Influence of Man on the Hydrological Regime with Special Reference to Representative and Experimental Basins, Helsinki, Finland, June 1980, 6 pp. Buchanan, T.J. and W.P. Somers, 1969, “Discharge Measurement at Gaging Stations,” Chapter A8, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey, Book 3, Applications of Hydraulics, 65 pp. Clarke, R.T., 1973, “Mathematical Models in Hydrology,” Food anti -I .Agriculture Organization, Irrigation and Draingage Paper 19, Rome, 282 pp. Diskin, M.H., 1980, “General Report, Topic 2, Section 2.3 - Use of models derived on the basis of represen- tative basins for water planning and management,” (separate paper) Symposium on the Influence of Man on the Hydrological Regime with Special Reference to Represenative and Experimental Basins, Helsinki, Finland, June 1980, 9 pp. Fisher, R.K., 1979, ‘Qptimization and Selection of Hydro-Turbines Based on Considerations of Annual Energy,“paper prepared for University of Wisconsin Low-Head <strong>Hydropower</strong> Development Seminar, April 30-May 3, 1979. Food and Agriculture Organization (undated), “Ap- proaches to Water Development Planning in Developed and Developing Economies,” W/K4859/c, 16 PP. Gladwell, J.S., 1980, “<strong>Small</strong> Hydro”, Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 70 pp. 57 Gladwell, J.S., 1980 (a), “Low-Head Hydro - A State- Of-The-Art Discussion,” Proceedings, American Nuclear Society Meeting, Feb. 27-29, 1980, Los Angeles, California, pp. 111-4-I to 111-4-26. Gladwell, J.S., 1980 (b)l, “<strong>Small</strong> Hydroelectric Energy Generation - Some Technical Considerations,” paper prepared for presentation at the Cost Rican Workshop on Energy and Development, San Jose, Costa Rica, March 17-21, 1980. Workshop co- sponsored by the <strong>National</strong> Academy of Sciences (USA) and the <strong>National</strong> Research Council of Costa Rica. Gladwell, J.S., 1980 (c), “<strong>Small</strong> Hydroelectric Energy Generation - Some Economic and Pianning Con- siderations,” paper prepard for presenation at the Costa Rican Workshop on Energy and Development, San Jose, Costa Rica, March 17-21, 1980. Workshop co-sponsored by the <strong>National</strong> Academy of Sciences (USA) and the <strong>National</strong> Research Council of Costa Rica. Gladwell, J.S. and Warnick, C.C., 1978, Low-Head Hydro, Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 206 pp. Gladwell, J.S. and Warnick, C.C., 1979, “<strong>Small</strong> Hydro - A Viable ‘Alternative’ Now,” paper presented at Waterpower ‘79, International Conference on <strong>Small</strong> Scale Hydro, Washington, D.C., Oct. 1-3, 1979. Gladwell, J.S. and Warnick CC., 1979, “<strong>Small</strong> Hydro - A Second Change,” Water International (March), pp. 9-21, 24. Gladwell, J.S., et. al., 1979, “A Resource Survey of Low-Head Hydroelectric Potential in the Pacific Northwest Region - Phase I and II,” project <strong>com</strong>ple- tion reports to U.S. Department of Energy, Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho. Gladwell, J.S., 1979, “Runoff in Western Washington as a Function of Precipitation and Watershed Characteristics,” Ph.D. dissertation, College of Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho. Hamm, H.W., 1967, “Low Cost Development of <strong>Small</strong> Water Power Sites,” Volunteers in lechnical Assistance (VITA), 3706 Rhode Island Avenue, Mt. Rainier, Maryland, USA 20822, c 1967, 43 pp. Kite, G.W., 1977, frequency and Risk Analyses in Hydrology, Water Resources Publication, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, c 1977. Langbein, W.B. and K.T. Iseri, 1960, “General Intro- duction and Hydrologic Definitions,” Manual of Hydrology: Part I. General Surface-Water Techniques, U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1541-A, 29 PP.
Linsley, R.K., 1958, “Techniques for Surveying Surface- Water Resources,” World Meteorological Organization, Tech. Note No. 26, WMO-No. 82. TP. 32, 41 pp. Linsley, R.K., et. al., 1949, Applied Hydrology, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. New York, c 1949. McMahon, T.A. and R.G. Mein, 1978, Reservoir Capacity and Yield, Developments in Water Sciences, 9, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, New York, c 1978. Magleby, H.L., 1980, “Hydro Power Assessment and DOE Loan Applications,” paper prepared for <strong>Small</strong> Hydroelectric Workshop, sponsored by U.S. Depart- ment of Energy, Spokane, Washington, March, 1980. Mayo, H.A., Jr., undated, “Low Head Hydroelectric Fundamentals,” Allis-Chalmers, Hydro-Turbine Division, York, Pennsylvania. Mayo, H.A., Jr., 1979 (a), “Turbine Selection,” paper presented at short-eours, Q L qn Smal! Scale Hydra Power Feasibility, Planning and Design, University of Idaho. Moore, B. and Gladwell, J.S., (1979), “Micro-Hydro, A Bibliography,” Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho. Purdy, C.C., 1979, “Energy Losses at Hydroelectric Power Plants,” paper presented at Waterpower ‘79, International Conference on <strong>Small</strong> Scale Hydro, Washington, D.C., Oct. l-3, 1979. Purdy, C.C., undated, “Speed Change Results in Improved Turbine Performance,” published by TAMS, Consulting Engineering Company. Searcy, J.K. and C.H. Hardison, 1960, “Double-Mass Curves,” Manual of Hydrology: Part I. General Surface- Water Techniques, U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1541-B, 66 pp. Searcy, J.K., 1959, “Flow-Duration Curves,” Manual of Hydrology: Part 2. Low-Flow Techniques, U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1542-A, 33 pp. Unesco, 1978, World Water Balance and Water Resources of the Earth, Studies and Reports in Hydrology 25, produced by the USSR Committee for the International Hydrological Decade, Paris, France, c 1978. Unesco, 1977, Atlas of the World Water Balance, Explanatory Text (35 pp) and 64 maps, produced by USSR <strong>National</strong> Committee for the International Hydrological Decade, Paris, France, c 1977. Verwey, A. 1978, “Hydrological Models for the Amazon Basin.” Report prepared for the UNDPNVMO Project BRA1721010, 73 pp. World Meteorological Organization, 1979, “Guide to Hydrometeorological Practices,” WMO-No. 168. TP. 82, Second Edition. 53 I
- Page 1 and 2:
A project of Volunteers in Asia Sma
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AUSPICIAN: Instituto National de En
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Seccih -HI: m I ecnologfa ?ara Feyu
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nuestra apreciacion sincera. 0 Dr.
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electricidad mini y micro se pueden
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- Page 14 and 15: a Los sistemas de energia rural dec
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- Page 31 and 32: 0 El nivel de inversion de1 proyect
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- Page 43 and 44: Es de suma importancia que la inves
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- Page 47 and 48: Otros, tales coma el Modelo Sacrame
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- Page 57 and 58: ). e energia que puede ser generada
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mente ia l:xtensi6n de1 an~lisis. D
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La regla para la decisi6n es la de
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1.2 .8 Cosim de1 Capital Capitai Co
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proporcidn deseable de B/C puede op
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La Tecnologia de las Turbinas Peque
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y velocidades de hasta 2300 rpm. Ta
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Puesto que la potencia producida es
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La ecuacidn (16) delinea claramenk
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sistema metric0 y metros en el sist
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ajustable. El generador montado en
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1. enczkllado 2. paletas de guia 3.
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Distincih entre las Turbinas “Peq
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cavitaci6n se basan en una caida ne
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La fuerza disponible variara con dj
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En una rueda de impulsos, el salto
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Las razones para la velocidad espec
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A medida que aumenta la velocidad e
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60 segundos, minimizando con ello e
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Criterios de Disefio Tomas y Desare
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longitud total de estos vertederos
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Desarenadores para Pequelias Centra
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~ Canales Trapezoidales w L*H -I In
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sion at discharge points, they shou
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Seleccih de1 Lugar e Instalacih de
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Cuando se haya escogido un lugar
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el agua venga al canal de m&s arrib
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veces el kea de1 flujo de las compu
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corriente lo llene de pedregullo du
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ambas unidades fueran mantenidas en
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John J. Cassidy El requerimiento de
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Canal de Toma CANAL INTAKE SETTLING
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asura puede ser manual o automatica
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Tuberia de Presih Plan VALVE' Encas
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Represa dl; ucj3v1v DIVERSIONy CAM
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Vhula de Mariposa BUTTERFLY VALVE \
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con total familiaridad con la opera
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Nivel de Inundacih Aguas Arriba 4 6
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Nivel de1 Caudal Aguas Arriba UPSTR
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Generacibn Hidroelktrica Donald J.
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disponible para la turbina tiene g-
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6000 5000 4ooo 5 6 T69lO 20 30 40 5
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i ; i 0 l-5 m Q’da Efectiva de la
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-----r--i 1 i i 6 t 89lo IS 20 90 4
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Generadores El&trims La selection y
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elevada para la planta de energia.
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El co&o de1 generador se incluye en
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tares de1 circuit0 de la If i ,a so
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Los equipos de la estaci6n el6ctric
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10s voltajes m&s elevados requieren
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48, 44, 40 36 32 12 0 4 B 0 2 4 6 I
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c. Step-up transformer (except as n
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descarga. El sistema de errframient
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Consideraciones Sobre la Distribuci
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Seleccih de1 Disetio de1 Voltaje En
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obstante, en electrificacidn rural,
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10 kW Un sistema de distribution de
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1000 kW Un sistema de 1000 kW es su
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jadores puedan ir a reparar la line
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Unidad vc-1 Unit vc-1 a. aislador t
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Costo Bhico de la Instalacih de1 Se
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Nota: Esta construccidn es mandator
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miento de1 sistema para satisfacer
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Para desarrollar oportunidades de m
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1. Una fuente de agua con suficient
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Basicamente nos referimos al agrega
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En conclusion, las keas montariosas
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Hidroenergia Water Power I Water Tu
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giren en remolino cerca de1 Segundo
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References 1. Schonherr, O., “Ube
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Macroactividad 1 Macroactivity 1 Ma
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La formacidn de relaciones simples
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El modelo contiene premisas, entre
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Objeto, Relaciones y Contenido de l
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- Estimacidn de la demanda. - Disef
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nacionales, para detectar el potent
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El Programa de Microcentrales Hidro
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cional Interconectado, con centrale
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I. Invest&&on Preliminar Preliminar
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magnitud de las obras y con la cali
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Evaluacibn Dentro de nuestra concep
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varies siglos de conjugaci6n de int
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20 a 30 kWh por habitante y se abas
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a) El equip0 fuk objeto de crbditos
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10s consumidores con tarifa comerci
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Segundo es m&s adecuado para el des
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especialmente de acuerdo a la carac
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privada y constituye una forma de a
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zona altiplanica y cordillerana, 10
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Asimismo, sistemas de automatizacio
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Proyectos de inter& local. Consiste
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Ha&a 50 Tabla 2 Table 2 Clasificaci
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tricidad, sin embargo es utilizada
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horasldia) en case de cargas de tip
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2da. Alternativa - DX Pequefios Sis
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un rango de potencias y ronsumos de
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general de la zona probable a ubica
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Peso: X13 El puntaje de 1 t; 10 oto
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localidades posibles desde una sola
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icrogeneraciih y E duardo Mor’an
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un verdadero desarrollo tecnologico
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periencia en la construcci6n y un m
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Discusion de Mesa Redonda No. 2: Qt
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ye&ado de 3,000,OOO kWh por a.no re
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Afluencia en la Base - afluencia en
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eq,ueridos para continuar la planta
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Energia - la capacidad para ejecuta
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Prcsupuesto Hidrolbgico - Contabili
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mente or semanalmente Ias fluctuaci
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Curva de1 Nivel de Descarga (curva
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Turbina Generador - una unidad de t