Small Decentralized Hydropower Program National ... - Cd3wd.com

ax-males iguales o menores que 10s ilustrados en la escala
de magnitud.
Megavatios (MV) - Mil kilovatios.
Curva de Masa - grafica de valores cumulativos de una
cantidad hidrologica (tales coma precipitacidn afluencia)
generalmente coma ordenada, representados gr&amente
comparando con tiempo o fecha coma abscisa. (Ver Curva
de Dobla-masa y Curva de Masa Residual).
Megavatios Hora (MWh) - mil horas kilovatios.
Programa para Desarrollos Mliltiples de la Cuenca de1
Rio - programas para el desarrollo de 10s ties con
represas y estructuras afines para servir varios objetivos
taler coma energfa hidroelectri~, irrigation, abastecimien-
to de agua, control de la calidad de1 agua y mejoramiento
de la pesca y fauna.
Normal - Un valor central (tal coma el promedio
aritmetico o mediana) de las cantidades anuales por un
pen’odo de 30 aiios finalizando con una decena redonda;
coma 1921-50; 1931-60 y asi consecutivamente. Esta
definition concuerda con la recomendada por el Subcomiti
sobre Hidrologia de1 Cornit de Inter-Agencias Federales
sobre Recursos Acuaticos, (E&ados Unidos).
Paralizacih - el perfodo en el cual una unidad
generadora, iinea de transmision u otra facilidad esti
fuera de servicio.
Flujo sobre el Terreno - el flujo de1 agua de lluvia o de
nieve derretida que corre sobre la superficie de1 terreno
hacia 10s canales dela corriente. Una vez dentro de la cor-
riente de1 rio se convierte en afluencia.
Series de Flujo de Duracih-Partial - una lista de las
inundaciones maximas que exedan un nivel base o
descarga, sin importar el ndmero de veces que ocurran
durante el tie.
Demanda de Punta - la demanda de punta es la mayor
demanda en kilovatios por un period0 dado. Por ejemplo,
la demanda maxima anual es la mayor demanda en
kilovatios que ocurre durante un aiio; la demanda maxima
cotidiana es la mayor demanda en kilovatios que ocurre
durante un dia especifico.
Carga de Punta - es la mayor carga dentro de un
pen’odo de tiempo espec%co.
Percolacibn - el movimiento bajo presion hidrostitica,
de1 agua a travez de 10s intersticios de rotas o el suelo,
con exception de1 movimiento atravez de grandes huecos
corn0 cavernas.
Percolacih Profunda - en irrigation 0 practica agricola
es la cantidad de agua que pasa debajo de la zona de la
raices de las cosechas o vegetation.
Factor de la Planta - la proporcidn de la carga promedio
de la capacidad instalada de la planta expresada coma
porcentaje anual.
Almacenamiento Actitico - el almacenamiento en pe-
queiia escala en una planta hidraulica para igualar diaria-
Overland Flow - the flow of rainwater or snowmelt
over the land surface toward stream channels. After it
enters a stream, it becomes runoff.
PartiaLduration Flood Series - a list of all flood
peaks that exceed a chosen base stage or discharge,
regardless of the number of peaks occurring in a year.
Peaking demand - peak demand is the maximum de-
mand in kilowatts for a given period. For example the
annual peak demand is the maximum demand in
kilowatts that occurs within a year; the daily peak de-
mand is the maximum demand in kilowatts that oc-
curs within a given day.
Peak Load - the maximum load in a stated period of
time.
Percolation - the movement, under hydrostatic
pressure, of water through the interstices of a rock or
soil, except the movement through large openings
such as caves.
Percolation, Deep - in irrigation or farming practice,
the amount of water that passes below the root zone
of the crop or vegetation.
Plant Factor - ratio of the average load to the plants’
installed capacity expressed as an annual percentage.
Pondage - small-scale storage at a waterpower plant
to equalize daily or weekly fluctuations in riverflow or
to permit irregular hourly use of the water for power
generation to accord with fluctuations in load.
Potential Evapotranspiration - water loss that will oc-
cur if there is at no time a deficiency of water in the
soil for use of vegetation.
Power - the rate of work done. Electric power refers
to the generation or use of electric energy, usually
measured in kilowatts.
Power Factor - the percentage of the amount of
power, measured in kilowatts, used by a consuming
electric facility to the apparent power measured in
kilovolt-amperes,
Precipitation - as used in hydrology, precipitation is
the discharge of water, in liquid or solid state, out of
the atmosphere, generally upon a land or water sur-
face. It is the common process by which atmospheric
water becomes surface or subsurface water. The term
“precipitation” is also commonly used to designate
the quantity of water that is precipitated.
Precipitation includes rainfall, snow, hail, and sleet,
and is therfore a more general term than rainfall.
Project Sponsor - the entity controlling the small
hydro site and promoting the construction of the
facility.
Pumped Storage - an arrangement whereby electric
power is generated during peak load periods by using
wa?er previously pumped into a storage reservoir dur-
ing off-peak periods.
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