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La Tabla 1 enumera algunos de 10s Boletines de
REA que son titiles para el planeamiento de sistemas
de distribucih.
Publicaciones de REA hiles para la
Planificacih de la Distribucibn
Ndmero
Boletin REA 40-6
Boletin REA 45-1
Boletin REA 45-2
Boletin REA 60-8
Boletin REA 60-9
Boletin REA 160-2
Boletin REA 169-4
Formulario de
REA 803
Formulario de
REA 804
TitUlO
Metodos de Construccih y
Compra de Materiales y
Equip0
Gtia para Calcular la Caida
de1 Voltaje
Tablas de las Demandas
Guia para la Planificacih de
un Sistema, Sistemas de
Distribucih El&trica
DiseAo Econ6mico de Lineas
Primarias para Sistemas de
Distribucih Rural
Manual de Ingenien’a y
Operaciones para Sistemas
El&tricos Rurales
Niveles de Voltaje
en Sistemas de
Distribucidn Rurales
E specificaciones y Dibujo
para la Construccih de una
Linea de 14.4/24 kV
Especificaciones y Dibujo
para la Construccidn de una
Linea de 7.2112.5 kV
Tabla 1
C6lculo Estimativo de Costos
Recomendamos que toda la construccibn de la
distribucih sea planificada, que se soliciten precios,
se construya y se pague en base a unidades de en-
samblaje. Una unidad de ensamblaje es una coleccih
de materiales que sirven para una funcion especifica.
Por ejemplo, la Tabla 2 enumera 10s materiales re-
queridos para un soporte trifhico de brazos
cruzados, unidad de ensamble VC-1. Una ilustracih
de la unidad VC-1 aparece en la Figura 5 que fue
tomada de! formzulario de la REA 803, Especif’icuciones
y Dibu~o para la Cvr~st~ucci6v2 de ma L~hea
de l&+/y.9 kK
225
required for a three-phase crossarm support; unit
assembly VC-4. An illustration of the VC-1 unit is
shown on Figure 5 which is taken from REA
Form 8G3, Specifications and Drawing for
14.4i24.9 kV Line Construction.
All of the materials required for distribution
line construction are included in their appropriate
unit assemblies. The number of assemblies required
per kilometer 04 I ,-+ie+r+he*++
UIaLIIUULlon line can be
calculated and, as shown in Table 3, used for
estimating the cost per kilometer of line. Table 4
shows base cost for additional materials required
in a distribution project.
These and other base cost estimates are included
in Table 5 which shows the total cost
estimate of serving a typical 14.4124.9 kV system
having 10 km of three-phase
ving 500 consumers.
main feeder and ser-
Tables 3, 4, and 5 are from a report by NRECA
for the World Bank Group entitled A Report on
Rural Electrification: The Cost Benefits, Usages,
Issues, and Develqmnents in Five Countries.3 The
costs are from a 1972 study in Nicaragua and are
not representative of today’s cost.
Comments on Rural Electrification
Although NRECA could possibly be prejudiced
about the overall urgency of expanding electrical
service, we do recognize that rural electrification
is a marginal program if measured only in direct
monetary return and a long-term investment of
resources in competition with other worthwhile
infrastructure development. Since it is a program
which requires grassroots support and often ex-
periences a time lag between established goals
and accomplishments, rural electrification is bet-
ter handled as a basic ingredient or essential
part of a total development program.
Direct monetary success also takes time, and
even in the U.S. rural electrification program it
was often a decade or more before revenues ex-
ceeded operating costs. There is, of course, no
waiting period for the beginning of achievement
of the main objectives, that is, area development
and a better quality of life for people.
Long experience has identified certain key fac-
tors which have contributed significantly to the
success of area-wide electrification. Among
these are:
Q A favorable political climate in the central
government,