23.04.2013 Views

Small Decentralized Hydropower Program National ... - Cd3wd.com

Small Decentralized Hydropower Program National ... - Cd3wd.com

Small Decentralized Hydropower Program National ... - Cd3wd.com

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

2.5.4 Capacidad en el ambito nacionai de1<br />

suministro de materiales y equipcs y la<br />

capacidad de construcci6n.<br />

Minicentrales Hidroelbctricas<br />

Rango de Potencias<br />

La mayon’a de las miniregiones donde se preve la<br />

construcci6n de Minicentl ales, tienen unit demanda<br />

m&xima de potencia proyectada hasta 1000 kW. Sin<br />

ser limitativo, las centrales tendrgn, en general,<br />

potencias inferiores a esta capacidad. Es conveniente<br />

estandarizar las potencias de 10s equipos *y facilidades<br />

de mantenimiento, sin embargo debe evitarse<br />

escalones apreciables en 10s rangos de potencias a<br />

estindarizarse. Es aconsejable estandarizar potencias<br />

en funci6n de las capacidades de 10s recursos hidricos<br />

y de las demandas proyectadas de potencia de las<br />

miniregiones. Se debe estudiar cual es el orden de<br />

demanda m8s reeptitivo en las miniregiones.<br />

Inversionea<br />

Las inversiones requeridas para la construcci6n de<br />

minicentrales es muy variable, en funci6n de las<br />

caracten’sticas y necesidades de obras civiles de cada<br />

proyecto. El cost0 de 10s equipos en general es m&s<br />

determinado, dependiendo de su calidad ticnica y<br />

procedencia. Se puede mencionar referencialmente,<br />

que ei costo direct0 vatia entre 1,600 US$/kW B<br />

1000 US$/kW para centrales de 50 kW 2 1000 kW<br />

de potencia instalada.<br />

Las inversiqnes en lineas de subtransmisibn aunque<br />

variables de acuerdo a la topografia de1 terreno, son<br />

de m8s f&i1 estimacibn. El costo direct0 para las<br />

lineas de 13.2 kV (6 10 kV) vatia de 3,300 US$/km<br />

para <strong>com</strong>ductor AASC No. 6 AWG 5 10,790 US$/km<br />

para conductor AASC 4/O AWG. Es necesario<br />

elaborar un Plan de Minicentrales pera determinar<br />

las inversldnes requeridas en este programa. Sin em-<br />

bsrgo, existen proyectos para su pronta implemen-<br />

tacibti.<br />

Cost0 dc hergia<br />

No obstante ser las Minicentrales Hidroel&tricas la<br />

mejor aiterr ; ,;iva de suministro de energia para las<br />

Miniregiom? sin posibilidades de interconexien a<br />

sistemas el&tricos de media,i:;i en&n existentes, el<br />

costo de la energia es alto principalmente debido al<br />

bajo consumo de 10s pobladores rurales. POT- este<br />

moi;ivo es necesario consttir obras a minim0 costo y<br />

promover el consume.<br />

El costo $2 ener@a es superior en centrales rngs<br />

pq&& y &minuyp nara rontrabc m54wwac Par !e<br />

r-’ - --.. “--a-- “‘.“L’ “L VU.<br />

tanto se debe tratar de utilizar al mtiimo lineas de<br />

substransmisi6n para abastecer el mayor ndmero de<br />

MinihydroePectsic Powerplants<br />

Range of Power<br />

The majority of the mini-reglsns where con-<br />

struction of minihydroelectric power plants is<br />

foreseen have a maximum projected power de-<br />

mand of up to 1000 kW. Without this being<br />

restrictive, most of the stations will have a<br />

dapacity below this power. It is convenient to<br />

standardize the capacity of the equipment and<br />

maintenance facilities, however, the range of<br />

powerplants to be standardized should be kept<br />

small. There is a need to research the most <strong>com</strong>-<br />

mon order of demand in the mini-regions.<br />

Investments<br />

The investments required for the construction<br />

of ministations varies a lot as a function of the<br />

characteristics of the civil works of each project.<br />

The cost of equipment in general is more stable,<br />

depending on the technical quality and country<br />

of origin. It may be mentioned for reference pur-<br />

poses tnat the direct cost will vary from<br />

U$S1,600/kW to U$Sl ,OOO/kW of installed capaci-<br />

ty for stations from 50 kW to 1,000 kW.<br />

Even though the investment in subtransmis-<br />

sion lines varies depending on the topography of<br />

the terrain, is easier to estimate. The direct cost<br />

for lines of 13.2 kV (or 10 kV) varies from<br />

U$S3,300/km fro ACSR No. 6 AWG conductor to<br />

U$S10,790/km for ACSR 410 AWG. It is necessary<br />

to design a plan for ministations to determine the<br />

investments required in this program. However,<br />

there are projects for implementation in the near<br />

future.<br />

Energy Cost<br />

Mini-hydroelectric power pla;lts are the best<br />

alternative for energy supply to those miniregions<br />

that have no possibility of interconnection<br />

to existing electric systems of medium<br />

voltage. However, the cost is high, mainly due to<br />

the low level of use by the rural population. For<br />

this reason, it is necessary to build minimum<br />

cost installations and to promote consumption.<br />

The energy cost is higher at smaller stations<br />

and it decreases for higher capacity stations.<br />

Therefore, an effort should be made to optimize<br />

the use of subtransmission lines to supply the<br />

largest number posslb!e of ,““UII.I”” In~slitin~ +rfim ll”lll u *<br />

single station. The cost of subtransmission is<br />

much lower than the cost of generation. From<br />

30s

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!