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Small Decentralized Hydropower Program National ... - Cd3wd.com

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Reservorio - laguna, lag0 0 cuenca, ya sea natural 0<br />

artificial para almacenamiento, regulaz%n, y control c!el<br />

agua.<br />

Curva de Masa Residual - una grafica de las partidas<br />

cumulativas de una refwencia dada tal <strong>com</strong>a el promedio<br />

aritm6tico que se dibuja corn3 ordena& y se representa<br />

grticamente en <strong>com</strong>paraci6n el tiempo o fecha <strong>com</strong>a<br />

abscisa. (Ver Curva de Masa).<br />

Flujo Retomante - aquella porci6n de1 agua irrigada que<br />

no es consumida por evapotranspiraci6n y que retorna a<br />

.cu fuente u otro cuerpo de agua. El tknino tambikn se<br />

aplica al agua descargada por plantas industriales.<br />

Tambien se le llama agua retornante.<br />

Riberefio - relacionado con 10s bancos de una corriente.<br />

Afluencia - aquella parte de la precipitaci6n que<br />

aparece en las corrientes de la superficie. Es lo mismo que<br />

el caudal afectado por desviaciones artificiales, almacena-<br />

miento o cualquier otro trabajo civil hecho por el hombre<br />

dentro o sobre lo canales de las corrientes. Tambien se<br />

puede clasificar la afluencia de la sigdiente manera:<br />

Clasificaci6n de acuerdo con la velocidad de aparaci6n<br />

despuk de la lluvia o de1 derretimiento de la nieve:<br />

Afluencia directa<br />

Afluencia de base<br />

Clasificaci6n de acuerdo con la Fuentr de procedencia<br />

Afluencia Superficial (Ver Flujo sobre Tierra)<br />

Filtraci6n de Tormenta<br />

Afluencia de Agua Subterranea<br />

Energia Secundaria - toda energia hidroektrica<br />

diferente de la Energ5a Firme.<br />

Sediment0 - material fragmentado qw 0 origka con la<br />

erosi6n de las rotas y es transportado, suspenaido o<br />

depositado por el agua o el aire y se acumula en 10s lechos<br />

con la ayuda de otros agentes naturales.<br />

Servicio de Paralizachh - el paro de una unidad<br />

generadora, linea de transmisibn u otra facilidad para in-<br />

speccicin, mantenimiento 0 reparacibn.<br />

Del Agua Superficial - desviaci6n de1 agua de una cor-<br />

riente o conduct0 por medio de un derrame superficial<br />

para evitar la desviackin de arena, sediment0 u otros<br />

es<strong>com</strong>bros acarrados <strong>com</strong>a carga de1 fondo.<br />

Reserva Disponible - las unidades generadoras que<br />

operan sin ninguna carga 0 con carga partial con<br />

capacidad excesiva disponible lista para suministrar o<br />

soportar cargas adicionales.<br />

Nivel - la altura de la superficie de1 agua encima de un<br />

plano establecido; tambien es un calibrador de la altura.<br />

Curva de Capaeidad de Nivel - una grtica que ilustra la<br />

relaci6n que existe entre la superficie de la elevaci6n de1<br />

agua en un reservor,, lue se representa <strong>com</strong>a ordenada<br />

<strong>com</strong>parada con 5; volumtn debajo de esa elevaci6n que se<br />

representa <strong>com</strong>a abscisa.<br />

Service Outage - the shut-down of a generating unit,<br />

transmission line or other facility tor inspection,<br />

maintencance, or repair.<br />

Skimming - the diversion of water from a stream or<br />

conduit by a shallow overflow used to avoid diversion<br />

of sand, silt or other debris carried as bottom load.<br />

Spinning Reserve - generating units operating at no<br />

load or at partial load with excess capacity readily<br />

available to support additional Lad.<br />

Stage - the height of a water surface above an<br />

established datum plane; also gauge height.<br />

Stage-capacity Curve - a graph showing the relation<br />

between the surface elevation of the water in a reser-<br />

voir, usually plotted as ordinate, against the volume<br />

below that elevation, plotted as abscissa.<br />

Stage-discharge Cuwe (rating curve) - a graph show-<br />

ing the relation between the gauge height, usually<br />

plotted as ordinate, and the amount of water flowing<br />

in a channel, expressed as Volume per unit Gf time,<br />

plotted as abscissa.<br />

Storage - 1. Water artificially impounded in surface<br />

or underground reservoirs, for future use. The term<br />

regulation refers to the action of this storage in modi-<br />

fying streamflow. See also Conservation storage, Total<br />

storage. The term “draingage basin storage” or simply<br />

“basin storage” is sometimes used to refer collective-<br />

ly to the amount of water in natural storage in z<br />

drainage basin.<br />

Storage-required Frequency Cuwe - a graph showing<br />

the frequency with which storage equal to or greater<br />

than selected amounts will be required to maintain<br />

selected rates of regulated flow.<br />

Stream - a general term for a body of flowing water.<br />

In hydrology the term is generally applied to the water<br />

flowing in a natural channel as distinct from a canal.<br />

More generally as in the term stream gauging, it is ap-<br />

plied to the water fiowing in any channel, natural or<br />

artificial.<br />

Streams in natural channels may be classified as<br />

follows:<br />

330<br />

Relation to time.<br />

Perennial. One which flows continuously.<br />

Intermittent or seasonal. One which flows only at<br />

certain times of the year when it receives water<br />

from springs or from some surface source such<br />

as melting snow in mountainous areas.<br />

Ephemeral. One that flows only in direct response<br />

to precipitation, and whose channel is at all<br />

times above the water table.<br />

Relation to space.<br />

Continous. One that does not have interruptions<br />

in space.<br />

Interrupted. One which contains alternating

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