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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges kvlevis Sedegebidan erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi faqtori iyo im sakiTxis gamokveTa, rom kvlevaSi monawile 155 skolidan arc erTs ar gaaCnda skolis misia, strategiuli ganviTarebis gegma da xedvebi Camoyalibebuli dokumentis saxiT, romelSic asaxuli iqneboda bilingvuri ganaTleba. es tendencia aisaxa kvlevis bilingvuri ganaTlebis dawyebis mizezebTan dakavSirebul pasuxebSic. 155 skolidan 45%-ma upasuxa, rom ar gegmavda saerTod bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis ganxorcielebas. xolo im direqtorTa nawilma, vinc axorcielebda bilingvuri ganaTlebis programas an gegmavda mis ganxorcielebas, erT-erT faqtorad miuTiTa ganaTlebis da mecnierebis saministros moTxovna. ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros moTxovnasTan erTad, respondentTa 5%-ma daasaxela mSoblebis moTxovna bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis ganxorcielebisTvis, xolo 2%-ma _ konkurenciis arseboba moswavleTa vauCerebTan dakavSirebiT, Tumca skolebis dafinansebis cvlilebebTan erTad, konkurenciis gamo, bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis inicireba ukve araaqtualuria. aRsaniSnavia, rom maswavlebelTa kiTxvarSi calsaxad gamoCnda, rom maswavleblebi ar arian CarTulebi bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis dagegmvisa Tu ganxorcielebis procesSi. mxolod qarTuli enisa da literaturis maswavleblebma miuTiTes am procesSi sakuTari monawileoba, xolo sagnobrivi maswavleblebi saerTod ar arian CarTulni procesSi da Sesabamisad bilingvuri ganaTleba ar warmoadgens maTTvis gaziarebul xedvas. d) multilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis dagegmvasa da ganxorcielebaSi, iseve rogorc zogadad saskolo cxovrebaSi mSobelTa CarTuloba minimaluria. saintereso Sedegi aCvena kvlevam mSobelTa da Temis CarTulobasTan dakavSirebiT. rogorc zemoT ukve aRvniSneT, skolis direqtorTa mxolod 2% daasaxela mSobelTa moTxovna bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis dawyebis safuZvlad. programebis analizma cxadyo, rom bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebi ZiriTadad SemuSavebulia qarTuli enis maswavleblebis da resurs-centrebis specialistebis mier da mSobelTa monawileoba programebis SerCevasa da SemuSavebaSi arsad ikveTeba. saintereso Sedegebi aCvena zogadad mSobelTa CarTulobis Sesaxeb arsebulma Tavma _ rogorc direqtorebis, agreTve maswavleblebis gamokiTxvaSi. kvlevaSi monawile direqtorebisa da maswavleblebis 100-ve procenti miuTiTebs, rom mSoblebi CarTulni arian saskolo cxovrebaSi, Tumca konkretuli strategiis, aqtivobis an programis Sesaxeb dasmul SekiTxvaze direqtorTa 95% da maswavlebelTa 82% konkretul pasuxs ver scems, rac kidev erTxel miuTiTebs, rom mSobelTa CarTuloba minimaluria saskolo cxovrebaSi. mSoblebTan mimarTebiT mniSvnelovania kidev erTi sakiTxi, kompaqturi gansaxlebis regionebSi mSobelTa umravlesoba Tavad ver flobs saxelmwifo enas. mSoblebi, romlebic aqtiurad arian CarTulni skolis cxovrebaSi, meti sifrTxiliT ekidebian bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebs, radgan isini ver SeZleben sakuTari Svilebis daxmarebas am procesSi. skolebSi ki, da ara mxolod araqarTulenovan skolebSi, aramed, zogadad, saqarTveloSi _ ar arsebobs mSobelTa ganaTlebisa da informirebis programebi. daskvna / kvlevis Sedegebis gamoyeneba saganmanaTleblo sistemisTvis kvlevis Sedegebi mniSvnelovani instrumenti SeiZleba gaxdes bilingvuri ganaTlebis reformis ganxorcielebisTvis. kvlevam aCvena, rom arsebuli situacia 99
saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges sakmaod negatiuria bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis efeqturad gansaxorcieleblad, Tumca, amasTanave, TvalsaCino gaxada, ra RonisZiebebi SeiZleba gatardes, raTa miRweuli iyos bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis ganxorcielebis Sedegad maqsimaluri efeqti. kvlevam calsaxad gamoaCina problemebi, romlebic politikis doneze calsaxad mosagvarebelia. mniSvnelovani faqtoria ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mxridan bilingvuri ganaTlebis reformis araswori gaazreba. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, bilingvuri ganaTleba moiazreba saxelmwifo enis swavlebis konteqstSi... amas miuTiTebs saministros xedva, romelmac bilingvuri ganaTlebis reforma moaqcia erT-erTi iseTi proeqtis patara komponentad, romelic saxelmwifo enis swavlebas emsaxureba. amas mowmobs ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministris gancxadebebi, rom skolebis 30% gadava qarTulenovan swavlebaze 2011 wlidan, xolo TbilisSi 60%-ian swavlebaze _ erTi wlis Semdeg da 90% _ qarTul enaze swavleba ori wlis Semdeg (ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis ministris interviu, 2010). miuxedavad imisa, rom bilingvuri ganaTlebis reformaze saubari saqarTveloSi swored rom saxelmwifo enis swavlebis problematikidan gamomdinare daiwyo, ar unda dagvaviwydes bilingvuri ganaTlebis mTavari miznebi da daniSnuleba: moswavleSi dabalansebuli bilingvizmis ganviTareba akademiuri CamorCenis gareSe da moswavleTaTvis mSobliur enaze ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZlebloba, raTa uzrunvelyofili iyos moswavleTa akademiuri warmateba. bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis ganxorcieleba istoriulad ukavSirdeba umciresobebis mier saxelmwifo enaze (anu enaze, romelsac srulyofilad ver flobdnen) swavlebisas akademiuri CamorCenis da skolis mitovebis maCveneblis aRmofxvras. saministros xedva, romelic ukavSirdeba bilingvuri ganaTlebis gziT mxolod saxelmwifo enis swavlebas, ukeTes SemTxvevaSi, migviyvans im Sedegebamde, ris gamoc dasavleTis qveynebSi alaparakdnen bilingvuri ganaTlebis mniSvnelobaze. amitom umniSvnelovanesia, rom ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministrom calsaxad gansazRvros bilingvuri ganaTlebis miznebi, rogorc bilingvizmis ganviTarebis SesaZlebloba akademiur warmatebasTan erTad da am mimarTebiT dagegmos saganmanaTleblo politika. amave mimarTulebiTaa aqcentebi Sesacvleli submersiul programebTan mimarTebiT. aRniSnuli programebis (qarTuli enis submersiis) propaganda da waxalisebac aqtiurad xorcieldeba ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mier. bilingvuri ganaTlebis politikis kuTxiT xedva ki gulisxmobs Sesabamisi cvlilebebis gatarebas kanonmdeblobaSi. aq, upirveles yovlisa, mniSvnelovania ganisazRvros samizne zRvari, rasac unda miaRwion araqarTulenovanma skolebma. amasTanave, Tu saubaria bilingvuri ganaTlebis reformaze, mniSvnelovania iseTi aqtebis miReba, rogoric aris somxuris da azerbaijanuli enebis saswavlo gegma, romelic morgebuli iqneba saqarTvelos saganmanaTleblo sistemas, mniSvnelovani iqneba cvlilebebis ganxorcieleba erovnul saswavlo gegmis saaTobriv badeSi, radgan enebis gadanawileba bilingvur programebSi gansxvavebulia da ufro moqnili saaTobrivi badis arsebobas moiTxovs. cvlilebebi iqneba Sesatani bilingvur programebze klasSi moswavleTa maqsimalur raodenobasTan dakavSirebiTac. maswavlebelTa momzadebisa da gadamzadebis kuTxiT mniSvnelovani iqneba bilingvali maswavleblis standartis SemuSaveba, romlis safuZvelzec moxdeba moqmedi pedagogebis profesiuli ganviTarebis programebis ganxorcieleba, momavali maswavleblebis momzadebis programebis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba umaRles saswavleblebSi. amasTanave, mniSvnelovani iqneba bilingvur skolaSi maswavleblebisTvis insentivebis sistemis Seqmna, raTa moxdes araqarTulenovani skolebisTvis mniSvnelovani sakadro resursis mozidva 100
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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi
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ekaterina protasova helsinkis unive
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usuli enis magaliTi saxelmwifo enis
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katri raiki tartus universitetTan a
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zenta anspoka dace dalbina vineta v
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TinaTin kiRuraZe ilias saxelmwifo u
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a. passionate b. Pathetic c. enthus
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Ekaterina Protassova University of
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Dace Dalbina, Vineta Vaivade Latvia
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Plurilingualism and plurilingual co
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REFERENCES saxelmwifo enis swavlebi
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Irine Shubitidze CCIIR, Tbilisi, Ge
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Shalva Tabatadze Ivane Javakhishvil
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Sophie Mujiri Ivane Javakhishvili T
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� Creates opportunities for pract
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Tinatin Kiguradze Ilia State Univer
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