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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges ramaz qurdaZe ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti, saqarTvelo erTi saxis derivatTa warmoebis saerTo wesis Sesaxeb qarTulsa da inglisurSi abstraqti naSromSi ganxilulia zmnuri formawarmoebisa da erTi tipis sityvawarmoebis tipologiuri msgavsebani qarTulsa da inglisur enebSi, ris gaTvaliswinebac erTgvarad gaaadvilebs qarTulis, rogorc meore (ucxo) enis swavlebas inglisurenovani studentebisaTvis. qarTulis, rogorc meore (ucxo) enis swavlebas arc ise mcire xnis istoria aqvs. arsebobs specialuri saxelmZRvaneloebi da meToduri miTiTebani am mimarTulebiT, magram, ra Tqma unda, yvela sakiTxi jer kidev araa saTanadod Seswavlili da qarTuli gramatikis swavlebis bevri ubani jer kidev moiTxovs Semdgom damuSavebas am mimarTulebiT. es miT ufro naTeli xdeba maSin, rodesac qarTulis, rogorc meore (ucxo) enis swavlebis dros araqarTvel studentTa mSobliuri enis rols viTvaliswinebT. am TvalsazrisiT, metad sainteresoa tipologiur msgavsebaTa gamovlena qarTul enasa da SemswavlelTa mSobliur enas Soris. Cvens naSromSi dasmuli sakiTxebi meore enis swavlebis meTodebs exeba. aq erTi konkretuli tipologiuri magaliTis mixedviT naCvenebia, Tu ras unda iTvaliswinebdes maswavlebeli, rogor unda xsnides Teoriul masalas, razec Sedeg unda afuZnebdes praqtikul savarjiSoebs, qarTulis, rogorc meore enis swavlebis dros. cnobilia, rom tipologiur msgavsebaTa analizs gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba meore enis swavlebis dros. mSobliur enasa da Sesaswavl (anu samizne) enas Soris gamovlenil tipologiur msgavsebebs mniSvnelovnad SeuZliaT gaaadvilon enis swavleba. Cveni naSromi gamiznulia inglisurenovani studentebisTvis. kerZod, Cven erTi tipis derivatTa warmoebis saerTo wess ganvixilavT qarTulsa da inglisurSi, rac, vfiqrobT, ufro gasagebs da advilad Sesaswavls gaxdis qarTuli sityvawarmoebis nimuSebs. aqve viTvaliswinebT imasac, rom inglisurenovan studentTa Soris uSualod praqtikuli qarTulis SemswavlelTa garda, arian lingvisti studentebic, romelTaTvisac qarTuli enis tipologiur analizs gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs. Cveni sanalizo sityvawarmoebis nimuSebi rogorc qarTulSi, aseve inglisurSi zmnuri warmoSobis derivatebia. TviT es faqtic uaRresad sainteresoa qarTulis rogorc meore enis swavlebis TvalsazrisiT, radgan, rogorc amas adreve aRvniSnavdiT, zmnur formaTa warmoebis wesSic metad saintereso tipologiuri msgavseba SeiniSneba qarTulsa da inglisur enebs Soris. zemoT aRniSnuli derivatebis ganxilva gvinda daviwyoT swored qarTuli da inglisuri zmnuri formebis tipologiuri msgavsebiT, radganac es derivatebi orsave enaSi garkveuli tipis zmnur formebs emyareba. 213
saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges nebismier enas zmnur formaTa dajgufebis Tavisi principebi aqvs. miuxedavad imisa, rom qarTuli da inglisuri sxvadasxva ojaxis enebia, am enaTa zmnur formaTa dajgufebisas erTgvari tipologiuri msgavseba gvxvdeba. kerZod, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs is garemoeba, rom orsave enaSi fuZiseul xmovanmonacvleobas zmnur formaTa dajgufebisas gabatonebuli mdgomareoba unda hqonoda am enaTa ganviTarebis adreul safexurze. kerZod, Cven mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs fuZiseuli xmovnis ablauturi monacvleoba. ablauti qarTulSi, msgavsad indo-evropuli enebisa, morfonologiuri funqciis mqonea, igi gamoyenebulia sxvadasxva morfologiuri kategoriis sawarmoeblad, e. i. aseTi xmovanTmonacvleoba funqciurad afiqsebs utoldeba. amdenad, ablautis sxvadasxva safexuri SeiZleba ganvixiloT rogorc garkveul morfologiur kategoriaTa sawarmoeblad gamoyenebuli damatebiTi morfemebi ZiriTad morfemebTan (afiqsebTan) erTad (gamyreliZe, maWavariani, 1965, 175-179). dReisaTvis qarTuli zmnis uRleba faqtobrivad awmyo-wyvetilis TemaTa warmoebis or wess eqvemdebareba: 1. afiqsurs (kerZod, sufiqsurs). awmyosa da masze damyarebul formebs awarmoeben Tematuri sufiqsebi: -i, -av, -am, -eb, -ob; 2. fuZis xmovnis funqcionalur monacvleobas - ablauts (awmyos fuZeSi - e, airistSi - i; an awmyos fuZeSi - 0, aoristSi - a an e). pirveli sistema gabatonebulia da zmnaTa absolutur umravlesobas moicavs, meore ki, istoriulad gavrcelebuli, dRes iSviaTia. Tanamedrove qarTulSi aSkaraa tendencia „zmnis uRlebis sistemaSi odesRac farTod gavrcelebuli ablauturi xmovanTmonacvleobis naSTebis gadaSenebisa da TemaTa gansxvavebis erTian, afiqsur sistemaze gadasvlisa“ (meliqiSvili, 1979, 84). Tanamedrove qarTulSi afiqsuri warmoebis magaliTisaTvis SegviZlia nebismieri Tematuri fuZe davasaxeloT, mag.: xat-av-s / daxat-a, xolo ablauturi warmoebisaTvis - e. w. drekadi, e - i monacvleobis drek-s / drik-a da kumSvadi 0 - a / e monacvleobis Tl-i-s / (ga)Tal-a, v-Wr-i / (ga)-v-Wer-i fuZeebi. msgavsi tendencia gvaqvs inglisurSic. kerZod, Tanamedrove inglisuri zmna ZiriTadad ori gramatikuli jgufiT warmodgeba. erTi, romelic afiqsaciiT iwarmoeba, da meore, romelic warmoebis didi mravalferovnebiT xasiaTdeba. pirvels, regularul (wesier) zmnebs istoriulad sust zmnebs uwodeben, es zmnebi namyos da namyo drois mimReobas -ed sufiqsiT awarmoeben: to paint - xatva, paint-ed - (man) daxata, paint-ed - daxatuli. araregularul (arawesier) zmnebs istoriulad Zlier zmnebs uwodeben, formacvalebis dros eseni ar misdeven zemoaRniSnul afiqsur wess da warmoebis mravalferovnebiT xasiaTdebian. or aseulamde araregularul zmnas asaxeleben, romelTac Semdegnairad ajgufeben: 1. araregularuli zmnebi, romelTac sami mTavari formidan (sawyisi forma - infinitivi, namyo da namyos mimReoba) samive sxvadasxva aqvT: speak - spoke ¬- spoken - laparaki. 2. araregularuli zmnebi, romelTac zemoaRniSnuli sami mTavari formidan ori identuria. am SemTxvevaSi sam qvejgufs gamoyofen: a) namyo da namyos mimReoba identuria, xolo infinitivi ki gansxvavebuli: bring - brought - brought - motana, b) infinitivi da namyos mimReoba identuria, xolo namyo gansxvavebuli: come - came - come - mosvla, g) infinitivisa da namyos formebi identuria, namyos mimReoba ki gansxvavebuli: beat - beat - beaten - cema. 3. araregularuli zmnebi, romelTa zemoaRniSnuli samive forma identuria: put - put - put - dadeba. zmnaTa didi umravlesoba inglisurSi regularuli warmoebis afiqsur wess mihyveba (goqsaZe, mamacaSvili, gigineiSvili, 1992, 89-91). 214
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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi
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ekaterina protasova helsinkis unive
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usuli enis magaliTi saxelmwifo enis
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Plurilingualism and plurilingual co
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REFERENCES saxelmwifo enis swavlebi
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Irine Shubitidze CCIIR, Tbilisi, Ge
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Shalva Tabatadze Ivane Javakhishvil
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Sophie Mujiri Ivane Javakhishvili T
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� Creates opportunities for pract
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Tinatin Kiguradze Ilia State Univer
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