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katri raiki tartus universitetTan arsebuli narvas koleji, estoneTi saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges Sinaarisa da enis integraciuli swavleba: bilingvuri skolis perspeqtiva estoneTSi abstraqti Sinaarsisa da enis integraciuli swavleba gamoiyeneba zogadi ganaTlebis skolebSi, romlebSic wamyvani ena aris rusuli. aseTi skolebi estoneTis skolis sistemis erT mexuTeds Seadgens. Sinaarsisa da enis integraciuli swavlebis meTodis nebayoflobiTi, sistematuri damkvidreba estoneTis rusulenovan skolebSi daiwyo aTi wlis win, თუმცა, Sinaarsisa da enis integrirebuli swavlebis Sesaxeb aqtualuria ara mxolod rusuli saSualo skolebisaTvis estoneTSi. estoneTSi rusulenovani skolebis garda, arsebobs inglisur enovani da finur enovani skolebic, aseve skolebi, romlebSic swavleba naxevrad germanulad da frangulad mimdinareobs am meTodis ganviTarebisa da momavali warmatebis gasaRebi aris maswavleblebs Soris gamocdilebis gacvla. aucilebelia Sesabamisi kompetenturoba da maswavlebelTa profesiuli standartebisa da maswavlebelTa treningebis mniSvnelobis gansazRvra. bavSvebisTvis maTi mSobliuri enisgan gansxvavebul enaze swavlebis praqtika estoneTSi 1960 wlis dasawyisidan damkvidrda. Tavdapirvelad, swavleba inglisur enaze mimdinareobda. skolebi, romlebmac SemoiRes inglisurenovani swavleba, miiCneoda elitur skolebad estoneTSi. Tanamedrove estoneTSi "Sinaarsisa da enis integraciuli swavlebis" cnebaSi moiazreba meTodologia, romelic uzrunvelyofs Sinaarsisa da enis erTdroul aTvisebas, rac xdeba konkretuli enobrivi unarebis ganviTarebiT (mehisto, marSi..., 2008). Sinaarsisa da enis integraciuli swavleba gamoiyeneba zogadi ganaTlebis skolebSi, romlebSic wamyvani ena aris rusuli. aseTi skolebi estoneTis skolis sistemis erT mexuTeds Seadgens. Sinaarsisa da enis integraciuli swavlebis meTodis nebayoflobiTi, sistematuri damkvidreba estoneTis rusulenovan skolebSi daiwyo aTi wlis win proeqtiT "language immersion" kanadis magaliTis mixedviT. swavlebis es meTodi gamoiyeneba rogorc baRebSi, aseve sabazo skolebSi. ase rom, language immersion-is meTodi estoneTSi gamoiyeneba nawilobrivi da mTliani formiT. swavlebis am meTodis efeqturoba ukve damtkicebulia (ix. Sesabamisi kvlevebi ). 1997 wels amJamindel `kanons sabazo da saSualo skolebisaTvis estoneTSi" daemata axali detali, romlis mixedviTac rusulenovan skolebs unda daewyoT sagnebis naxevrad estonurad swavleba saSualo skolebSi ara ugvianes 2007 wlis 1 seqtembrisa. erovnuli kurikulumis mixedviT, bavSvebs, romlebmac swavla daiwyes 2011 wels unda aswavlon estonur enaze savaldebulo sagnebis minimum 60 %. aseTi cvlilebis mizani aris rusulenovani skolebis moswavleTa Tanabar mdgomareobaSi Cayeneba estonuri enovani skolebis moswavleebTan, mas Semdeg, rac isini skolas daamTavreben - swavlis gagrZelebisa da samuSaos povnis TvalsazrisiT. (kanoni ZalaSia 2011 wlis 6 ianvridan). 29
saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges sabaziso da dawyebiTi skolis axali erovnuli kurikulumis rekomendaciiT, cvlilebaTa am procesSi gamoiyeneba Sinaarsisa da enis integraciuli swavlebis meTodi. ase rom, am meTodis gamoyeneba estoneTis ganaTlebis sistemis umniSvnelovanesi nawili iqneba momavali wlebis ganmavlobaSi. estonuri ena ukve gamoiyeneba skolebis umravlesobaSi (ganaTlebisa da kvlevebis saministros mixedviT, estonuri ena gamoiyeneba sul mcire skolebis sam mexuTedSi). 2010/2011 akademiur wels saSualo skolebSi estonurad warmarTuli sagnebis savaldebulo minimaluri raodenoba aris 4. magram, ganaTlebisa da kvlevebis saministros monacemebis mixedviT, skolebis 90%-Si 4 saganze meti iswavleba estonur enaze. (kanoni ZalaSia 2007 wlis 23 noembridan) dRemde ganxilvis sakiTxia ras vgulisxmobT cnebaSi "Sinaarsi/sagnis estonur enaze swavleba". viTvaliswinebT Tu ara moswavleTa mier inglisuri enis flobis dones, romelic damokidebulia moswavlis asaksa da metyvelebis unarebze mSobliur enaze. kvlevis sagania moswavleebisa da maswavleblebis ganwyobis Sefaseba im cvlilebebis mimarT, romelic ganxorcielda rusulenovan skolebSi ukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi. pirveli aseTi kvlevebis Sedegi (2009) aCvenebs, rom vdgavarT gzagasayarze: miuxedavad imisa, rom jer saboloo daskvnebis gamotana adrea, cvlilebebisadmi maswavleblebisa da moswavleebis uaryofiTi damokidebulebis done Zalian maRalia. mniSvnelovania gansxvavebebi ida-virumis regions, talinsa da estoneTis sxva regionebs Soris. moswavleebisa da maswavleblebis TvalTaxedva aseve gansxvavdeba: rogorc kvleva aCvenebs, moswavleebi ufro Ria arian inglisur enaze iswavlon. pozitiuri Sedegi aris moswavleebis mzardi interesi saSualo profesiul saganmanaTleblo institutebisa da universitetebisadmi estoneTSi. swavlebis meTodologia da moswavleTa motivacia ki isev problemur sferoebad rCeba (maso, kelo, 2010). samwuxarod, Cven ar gvaqvs monacemebi im meTodebis Sesaxeb, romlebsac skolebi iyeneben meore da ucxo enebis saswavleblad da arc am meTodebis efeqturobis Sesaxeb. TALIS- is maswavleblebis kvleva (2007-2008) OECD-is CarCoebSi, avlens iseT faqts, romelzec Rirs yuradRebis gamaxvileba: estoneTSi maswavleblebis msoflmxedveloba aris liberaluri da Tanamedrove, miuxedavad imisa, rom swavlebis praqtika ufro tradiciulia sxva qveynebTan SedarebiT (lugma, ruusi..., 2009). maswavlebelTa mier estonuri enis flobis sakiTxic aranakleb mniSvnelovania, radgan im maswavlebelTa umravlesoba, romelic integrirebul klasSi muSaobs rusulenovania. rusulenovani saSualo skolebis moswavleTa akademiuri miRwevebis Sedegebi mocemulia OECD PISA -s kvlevebSi (2006, 2009), romlis mixedviTac rusulenovani skolebis moswavleebi aCveneben uares Sedegebs. () saxelmwifo gamocdebis monacemebis mixedviT rusulad molaparake axalgazrdebis akademiuri Sedegebi ufro dabalia, estonurad molaparakeebTan SedarebiT, gansakuTrebiT istoriaSi, mecnierebebSi, geografiasa da ucxo enebSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom rusulenovani skolebi, sadac estonuri ena dainerga da ufro aqtiurad gamoiyeneba Tanabar mdgomareobaSi arian estonurad molaparake skolebTan (ganaTlebisa da kvlevebis saministro 2010/2011). rusuli saSualo skolebis direqtorebi am bolo dros mediis saSualebiT yuradRebas aqcevdnen im problemas, rom niWieri moswavleebi estonur saSualo skolebSi dadian (maswavleblis gazeTi, 14 ianvari, 2011, gv. 2). rusuli saSualo skolebi gzagasayarze imyofeba: mniSvnelovania rusuli enis statusis dadgena skolebSi da misi bedi. axal kulturaSi umniSvnelovanesi roli eniWebaT rusulad molaparake maswavleblebs, romlebmac unda SeinarCunon TavianTi eris kultura. Sinaarsisa da enis integraciuli swavlebis meTodis warmateba (romelic ukve damtkicda saerTaSoriso gamocdilebiT) estoneTSi damokidebulia qveynis 30
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Ekaterina Protassova University of
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Plurilingualism and plurilingual co
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REFERENCES saxelmwifo enis swavlebi
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