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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges enis Seswavlis strategiebi da misi aqtualobis kvleva qarTulis, rogorc meore enis daswavlis gaumjobesebisaTvis abstraqti Seswavlis strategiebi da maTi gamoyeneba droSi gawelili procesia, romelsac moswavle mimarTavs, raTa SeZlos enis dauflebis periodi da Sedegi maqsimalurad warmatebuli gaxados. ufro konkretulad ki, es procesi im etapobriv safexurebs, teqnikasa da gamiznuli aqtivobebis jaWvs moicavs, romlebic moswavlis mier Segnebulad xorcieldeba da gansakuTrebuli efeqtiT meore enis Seswavlis dros gamoirCeva. miRebuli informaciis garkveuli tipis aspeqtebze fokusireba, informaciis Seswavlis procesze dakvirvebis warmoeba da misi analizi, informaciis dekodirebis periodSi misi damuSaveba da organizeba, daswavlis Sefaseba misi dasrulebis Semdgom, swavlis procesisadmi SiSis dasaZlevad TviTrwmenis amoqmedeba - Seswavlis strategiebis mokle da arasruli CamonaTvalia. swori da gaazrebuli gamoyeneba ki Seswavlis strategiebs enobrivi kompetenciebis gansaviTareblad mimarTuli CarTulobis marTvisa da xarisxis regulirebisaTvis efeqtur instrumentad aqcevs. A am tipis midgomas, romelic Tanamedrove swavlebis erT-erTi yvelaze ganviTarebuli tendenciaa, moswavle-maswavlebels Soris urTierTobaSic cvlilebebi Seaqvs da bevrad ufro orientirebuli xdeba TiToeuli moswavlis mizansa da amocanebze, vidre pedagogis mier saklaso oTaxSi gamoyenebul meTodikasa da midgomebze. metic, araerTi mecnieruli mosazrebis mixedviT, Seswavlis strategiebis kargad codna da maTi sworad gamoyenebis unari amcirebs saklaso garemosa da saxelmZRvaneloebis, damxmare da meTodur masalebis xarisxisa da aseve pedagogze damokidebulebas meore enis efeqturi SeswavlisaTvis. kvlevis mizania, warmoadginos enis Seswavlis gansxvavebuli strategiebi, ganixilos sxvadasxva mkvlevris mier SemoTavazebuli sistemebis ganxilva swavlis strategiebTan mimarTebiT. warmoadginos qarTulis, rogorc meore enis moswavleTa sxvadasxva jgufis Tvisebrivi maCveneblebisa da azris urTierTdamokidebulebis kvleva da maT mier gamoyenebuli swavlis meTodebis SedarebiTi analizi „enis efeqturi Semswavlelis“ eqvsi tipis strategiasTan mimarTebiT. amasTan, am analizis safuZvelze warmoadginos swavlebis is koncefcia, romlis gamoyenebac sxvadasxva tipis saklaso garemoSi sasurvel Sedegs gamoiRebs da resursebis, monacemebisa da kompetenciebis efeqtur da racionalur gamoyenebas ganapirobebs. swavlis strategiebis kvleva da mis mimarT mzardi interesi 70-iani wlebidan SeimCneva. is, Tu ra xerxebsa da meTodebs iyenebs moswavle axali informaciis procesirebis, misi aRqmis, damaxsovrebisa da gamoyenebisaTvis meore an ucxo enasTan mimarTebiT, gaxda mecnierebis mxridan swavlis strategiebiT zrdadi dainteresebis erT-erTi gadamwyveti mizezi. amasTan, mkvlevrebi cdiloben gaarkvion, Tu ra faqtorebiT aris ganpirobebuli individis mier enis Seswavlisas procesSi miRweuli warmatebebi da ra ganasxvavebs warmatebul moswavleebs sxva, nakleb warmatebulebisagan. viliamsisa da bardenis (1997), (Williams and Burden) azriT, am kiTxvebze pasuxis gacema martivdeba swavlis strategiebis mniSvnelobisa da gavlenis kvlevis SemTxvevaSi, rac logikurad mianiSnebs, Tu raoden did mniSvnelobas aniWeben mecnierebi Seswavlis strategiebs meore da ucxo enis swavlis meTodologiasa da ganaTlebis fsiqologiaSi. da mainc, rogor ganmartaven mecnierebi Seswavlis strategiebs? vendenis (Wenden) mosazrebiT, “swavlis strategiebi im qmedebaTa erTobliobaa, romlebic moswavlis mier xorcieldeba imisaTvis, rom igi gaerkves Seswavlis 133
saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges mniSvnelobasa da funqciaSi.” rigni (Rigney) (1978) da rubini (Rubin) (1987) miiCneven, rom swavlis strategiebi specialuri qmedebebis, qcevis, nabijebisa da teqnikebis nairsaexeobebs warmoadgens, romlebic moswavlis mier swavlebis procesisa da Sedegebis gaumjobesebisaken aris mimarTuli. gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa oqsfordiseuli, (Oxford, 1992/1993, p. 18) ganmarteba, radgan mier mier SemuSavebuli “enis swavlis strategiebis aRwera” (Strategy Inventory for Language Learning, SILL) erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani instrumentia enis Seswavlis strategiebis analizisaTvis da detalur, struqturirebul ierarqiul models warmoadgens, romelsac Tanamedrove kvlevebi da meTodebi efuZneba. oqsfordis mixedviT, enis Seswavlis strategiebi gamiznuli qmedebebia, romlebic Seswavlis process martivs, swrafs da sasiamovnos, aseve moswavlis mier marTulsa da efeqturs xdis da gansxvavebul situaciaSi maTi transformirebis saSualebas iZleva. sainteresoa oqsfordis mier mocemuli Seswavlis strategiebis 12 ZiriTadi maxasiaTebelic. misi azriT, enis Seswavlis strategiebi: 1. xels uwyobs mTavari miznis miRwevasa da komunikaciuri kompetenciebis ganviTarebas; 2. saSualebas aZlevs moswavles Tavad warmarTos da akontrolos Seswavla; 3. cvlis pedagogis funqcias; 4. problemazea fokusirebuli; 5. Sedegeba specifikuri qmedebebisgan, romlebsac moswavle axorcielebs; 6. moicavs moswavlis ara mxolod kognitur, aramed sxva aspeqtsac; 7. pirdapiri da arapirdapiri midgomebiT aumjobesebs Seswavlis process; 8. rig SemTxvevebSi dakvirvebasa da monitorings ar eqvemdebareba; 9. metwilad Segnebulad warimarTeba; 10. maTi daswavla SesaZlebelia; 11. gamoirCeva moqnilobiTa da martivi adaptaciis meqanizmebiT; 12. mravali faqtoris gavlenas eqvemdebareba; Tu oqsfordis maxasiaTeblebis analizs SevecdebiT, vaskvniT, rom enis Seswavlis strategiebi ara mxolod enobrivi kompetenciebis gaumjobesebas, aramed zogadi unarebis ganviTarebisken mimarTuli qmedebebia, romelTa gamoyeneba nebismieri sagnis Seswavlis procesisa da Sedegis gaumjobesebas iwvevs. aseT SemTxvevaSi ki, bunebrivia interesi, romelic eTnikuri umciresobebis mier qarTulis, rogorc meore enis Seswavlis strategiebis aTvisebasa da gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT ibadeba. gansakuTrebiT ki saxelmwifos mier ganxorcielebuli reformebisa da eTnikuri umciresobebis mier qarTuli enisadmi pozitiuri damokidebulebebis Camoyalibebis fonze, romelic bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi sagrZnoblad matulobs. 2011 wels ganviTarebis saagentos mier Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom gamokiTxuli mosaxleobis 92% Tvlis, rom saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqe valdebulia, flobdes saxelmwifo enas. amasTan, gamokiTxulTa umravlesobas aqvs molodini, rom araqarTvel mosaxleobas didi survili aqvs, Seiswavlos qarTuli. gamokiTxuli araqarTveli mosaxleobis 82.9%-s qvemo qarTlSi da 65,2%-s samcxe-javaxeTSi miaCnia, rom sWirdeba qarTuli enis kursebi. enis Seswavlis strategiebis klasifikacias jer kidev wina saukunis 50-70-ian wlebSi daedo safuZveli da metwilad, inglisuris, rogorc aramSobliuri enis swavlasTan arsebul gamowvevebs ukavSirdeboda. arsebobs araerTi modeli, romelic strategiuli instrumentebis sxvadasxva klasifikacias efuZneba, Tumca saerTo mizans, meore enis efeqtur Seswavlas ukavSirdeba. mokled mimovixiloT ramdenime mniSvnelovani mimarTuleba: 134
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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi
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ekaterina protasova helsinkis unive
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usuli enis magaliTi saxelmwifo enis
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katri raiki tartus universitetTan a
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zenta anspoka dace dalbina vineta v
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a. passionate b. Pathetic c. enthus
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Ekaterina Protassova University of
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Dace Dalbina, Vineta Vaivade Latvia
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Plurilingualism and plurilingual co
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REFERENCES saxelmwifo enis swavlebi
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Irine Shubitidze CCIIR, Tbilisi, Ge
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Shalva Tabatadze Ivane Javakhishvil
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Sophie Mujiri Ivane Javakhishvili T
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� Creates opportunities for pract
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Tinatin Kiguradze Ilia State Univer
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