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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges statiaSi bilingvuri ganaTleba ganxilulia eTnikuri umciresobebis konteqstSi, rac gulisxmobs maTTvis saswavlo gegmiT gansazRvruli unarebisa da kompetenciebis ganviTarebas rogorc mSobliur, ise saxelmwifo enaze. rac, Tavis mxriv, xels Seuwyobs maTs integracias qarTul sazogadoebaSi da Tavidan iqneba acilebuli asimilaciis safrTxe, umciresobebis enisa da kulturis dakargvis saSiSroeba. xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom orenovani ganaTleba aris erT-erTi, magram ara erTaderTi saSualeba, romlis sworad da mizanmimarTulad ganxorcielebazea damokidebuli pozitiuri an negatiuri Sedegebi. realuria rogorc dadebiTi, ise uaryofiTi Sedegebis miReba programebis arasworad ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi. yvela siaxle, romelic Semodis Cvens yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi da normad mkvidrdeba saWiroebs Seswavlas, analizs, keTilsindisierad Catarebul kvlevebs da kvlevebis Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebas siaxlis danergvis procesSi, aseve saxelmwifos nebas da mxardaWeras. Catarebuli raodenobrivi da Tvisebrivi kvlevidan gamoikveTa ramdenime mniSvnelovani faqtori, romelTa gaTvaliswineba an ugulebelyofa garkveulwilad gansazRvravs Sedegs: garemo, sadac xorcieldeba konkretuli multilingvuri ganaTlebis modelis danergva, eTnikuri jgufebis kulturis, tradiciebis, mentalitetis da sxva individualuri Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswineba, qveyanaSi arsebuli socialur-politikuri garemo, sxva qveynebis gamocdilebis gaaTvaliswineba, konkretuli raionis da skolis individualuri saWiroebis analizi, bavSvebis fsiqologiuri da asakobrivi Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswineba, materialur-teqnikuri bazis saTanadod momzadeba, es is sakiTxebia, romlebic, sxva mraval faqtorTan erTad, mniSvnelovanwilad gansazRvraven programis warmatebiT ganxorcielebas. kvleva 40 sapilote skolaSi Kkvleva Catarda saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministros mier SerCeuli 40 araqarTulenovan sapilote skolidan 23-Si, sadac 2009 wlidan xorcieldeba multilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis pilotireba (multilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis debuleba 2010). Kkvlevis mizans warmoadgenda xelisSemSleli faqtorebisa da garemoebebis Zieba, romlebic mkveTrad aferxeben programebis warmatebiT ganxorcielebas. dasmuli problemidan gamomdinare sakvlev meTodad SerCeul iqna Tvisebrivi da raodenobrivi kvlevis meTodebi. Tvisebrivi kvlevis farglebSi gakeTda 2 CaRrmavebuli interviu multilingvuri ganaTlebis eqspertebTan, xolo raodenobrivi kvlevisTvis SemTxveviTi SerCevis principiT SeirCa 23 araqarTulenovani sapilote skolis direqtori, rac arsebuli skolebis 58% Seadgens da saSualebas iZleva Sedegebis ganzogadebisas yvela sapilote skolaze. iqidan gamomdinare, rom enobrivi mdgomareoba, bilingvuri ganaTlebis procesSi arsebuli sirTuleebi da saxelmwifo enis swavlebasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi gansxvavebulia Tbilissa da araqarTulenovani mosaxleobiT kompaqturad dasaxlebul regionebs Soris, naTeli suraTisTvis kvlevis samizne jgufad SeirCa Tbilisis 6 (26%) da kompaqturad dasaxlebuli regionebis 17 (74%) skolis direqtori kvlevis samizne jgufad Ddireqtorebis SerCeva moxda, radgan isini uSualod arian CarTulni pilotirebis procesSi da floben informacias rogorc uSualod skolaSi arsebul enobriv da saganmanaTleblo mdgomareobaze, aseve zogadad Temisa da sazogadoebis damokidebulebaze bilingvuri ganaTlebis Sesaxeb. Tvisebrivi kvlevis farglebSi gakeTda interviu euTos erovnul umciresobaTa umaRlesi komisiis (OSCE/HCHM) latviel eqspertTan q. ligita grigulesTan. misi mravalwliani gamocdileba saintereso da sagulismo informacias warmoadgenda, 67
saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges gansakuTrebiT kvlevis pirvel etapze. aseve multilingvuri ganaTlebis eqspertTan b. daviT zaTiaSvilTan, romelic 2010 wlidan muSaobs aRniSnul sakiTxze, rogorc erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris warmomadgeneli da uSualod aris CarTuli skolebis mier Sevsebuli multilingvuri ganaTlebis saaplikacio formebis srulyofasa da damtkicebis procesSi da, aseve, flobs informacias, ra safrTxeebi da winaaRmdegobebi arsebobs programebis pilotirebis procesSi. kvlevisTvis gamoyenebul iqna naxevrad struqturirebuli interviusTvis gankuTvnili kiTxvari, romelic minimaluri droisa da resursis danaxarjiT maqsimaluri informaciis miRebis saSualebas iZleoda gansakuTrebiT kvlevis sawyis etapze. monacemTa Segroveba CaRrmavebuli intervius farglebSi ganxorcielda ramdenime mniSvnelovani sakiTxis irgvliv, romelTa Sedegebis mixedviT Seiqmna struqturirebuli kiTxvari raodenobrivi kvlevisTvis. kvlevisTvis meoradi informaciis mniSvnelovan wyaros warmoadgenda 2007 wlis angariSebi “bilingvuri ganaTleba saqarTveloSi” (grigule, perini, 2007 da deZe, 2007) romelSic mocemulia 2007 wlamde saqarTveloSi ganxorcielebuli aqtivobebis analizi multilingvuri ganaTlebis mimarTulebiT, aseve mniSvnelovani iyo skolebis mier Sevsebuli multilingvuri ganaTlebis saaplikacio formebidan miRebuli informacia konkretuli skolis Sesaxeb.Mmeoradi informaciisa da Catarebuli Tvisebrivi kvlevis analizis safuZvelze, Seiqmna 44 punqtiani kiTxvari, romelic gankuTvnili iyo sapilote skolebis direqtorebisaTvis raodenobrivi monacemebis Sesagroveblad. kiTxvari moicavda sam bloks: pirvel nawilSi iyo anketuri tipis 8 SekiTxva - zogadi indormacia respondentis Sesaxeb, raioni/qalaqi da eTnikuri jgufebi skolaSi da a.S. meore blokis 25 SekiTxva Seexeboda skolaSi arsebul problemebs orenovani swavlebis kuTxiT. respondentebs pasuxi una gaecaT 4-balian skalaze (1. saerTod ar veTanxmebi; 2. ar veTanxmebi; 3. veTanxmebi; 4. sruliad veTanxmebi), mesame blokis 11 SekiTxva gankuTvnili iyo skolaSi mimdinare multilingvuri ganaTlebis programebis da zogadad regionSi enebis mimarT interesis Sesaxeb informaciis misaRebad. kvlevis Sedegad gamarTlda hipoTeza, rom bilingvuri ganaTlebis danergvis procesSi arsebobs uamravi winaaRmdegoba da problema, rac zrdis ukuSedegis saSiSroebas Tu ar moxdeba TiToeuli problemis saTanadod kvleva, Seswavla da Sedegebis gaTvaliswineba pilotirebis procesSi. Kkvlevis limiti da sandooba: �� kiTxvaris aprobaciis Sedegad aRmoCnda, rom Ria kiTxvebis did nawils upasuxod tovebda respondentTa umravlesoba, amitom kiTxvaris saboloo versiaSi yvela kiTxva iyo daxuruli. kiTxvaris boloSi damatebiTi mosazrebisTvis gamoyofili adgili ki respondentTa 91. 3%-ma carieli datova, an daafiqsira is mosazreba, romelzec ukve konkretuli pasuxi hqonda gacemuli wina punqtebSi. �� direqtorebi xSirad gamoTqvamdnen sxvadasxva sakiTxisadmi sakuTar damokidebulebas, magram uars acxadebdnen Canaweris gakeTebaze (video an audio masalis saxiT). �� ganxorcielda kiTxvaris Targmani rusul enaze, radgan direqtorTa umravlesoba ver flobda qarTul enas. �� Seiqmna kiTxvaris eleqtronuli versia (qarTul da rusul enebze), romelic moiazreboda alternatiul saSualebad skolebis umravlesobis CarTvisTvis kvlevaSi, Tumca maTi gamoyeneba SesaZlebeli gaxda mxolod Tbilisis 68
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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi
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ekaterina protasova helsinkis unive
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usuli enis magaliTi saxelmwifo enis
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TinaTin kiRuraZe ilias saxelmwifo u
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a. passionate b. Pathetic c. enthus
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Ekaterina Protassova University of
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Dace Dalbina, Vineta Vaivade Latvia
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Plurilingualism and plurilingual co
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REFERENCES saxelmwifo enis swavlebi
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Irine Shubitidze CCIIR, Tbilisi, Ge
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Shalva Tabatadze Ivane Javakhishvil
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Sophie Mujiri Ivane Javakhishvili T
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� Creates opportunities for pract
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Tinatin Kiguradze Ilia State Univer
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