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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi:
problemebi da gamowvevebi
Issues of State Language Teaching;
Problems and Challenges
mniSvnelobasa da funqciaSi.” rigni (Rigney) (1978) da rubini (Rubin) (1987) miiCneven,
rom swavlis strategiebi specialuri qmedebebis, qcevis, nabijebisa da teqnikebis
nairsaexeobebs warmoadgens, romlebic moswavlis mier swavlebis procesisa da
Sedegebis gaumjobesebisaken aris mimarTuli.
gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa oqsfordiseuli, (Oxford, 1992/1993, p. 18) ganmarteba,
radgan mier mier SemuSavebuli “enis swavlis strategiebis aRwera” (Strategy Inventory
for Language Learning, SILL) erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani instrumentia enis
Seswavlis strategiebis analizisaTvis da detalur, struqturirebul ierarqiul
models warmoadgens, romelsac Tanamedrove kvlevebi da meTodebi efuZneba.
oqsfordis mixedviT, enis Seswavlis strategiebi gamiznuli qmedebebia, romlebic
Seswavlis process martivs, swrafs da sasiamovnos, aseve moswavlis mier marTulsa
da efeqturs xdis da gansxvavebul situaciaSi maTi transformirebis saSualebas
iZleva. sainteresoa oqsfordis mier mocemuli Seswavlis strategiebis 12 ZiriTadi
maxasiaTebelic. misi azriT, enis Seswavlis strategiebi:
1. xels uwyobs mTavari miznis miRwevasa da komunikaciuri kompetenciebis
ganviTarebas;
2. saSualebas aZlevs moswavles Tavad warmarTos da akontrolos Seswavla;
3. cvlis pedagogis funqcias;
4. problemazea fokusirebuli;
5. Sedegeba specifikuri qmedebebisgan, romlebsac moswavle axorcielebs;
6. moicavs moswavlis ara mxolod kognitur, aramed sxva aspeqtsac;
7. pirdapiri da arapirdapiri midgomebiT aumjobesebs Seswavlis process;
8. rig SemTxvevebSi dakvirvebasa da monitorings ar eqvemdebareba;
9. metwilad Segnebulad warimarTeba;
10. maTi daswavla SesaZlebelia;
11. gamoirCeva moqnilobiTa da martivi adaptaciis meqanizmebiT;
12. mravali faqtoris gavlenas eqvemdebareba;
Tu oqsfordis maxasiaTeblebis analizs SevecdebiT, vaskvniT, rom enis
Seswavlis strategiebi ara mxolod enobrivi kompetenciebis gaumjobesebas, aramed
zogadi unarebis ganviTarebisken mimarTuli qmedebebia, romelTa gamoyeneba
nebismieri sagnis Seswavlis procesisa da Sedegis gaumjobesebas iwvevs. aseT
SemTxvevaSi ki, bunebrivia interesi, romelic eTnikuri umciresobebis mier
qarTulis, rogorc meore enis Seswavlis strategiebis aTvisebasa da
gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT ibadeba. gansakuTrebiT ki saxelmwifos mier
ganxorcielebuli reformebisa da eTnikuri umciresobebis mier qarTuli enisadmi
pozitiuri damokidebulebebis Camoyalibebis fonze, romelic bolo wlebis
ganmavlobaSi sagrZnoblad matulobs. 2011 wels ganviTarebis saagentos mier
Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegad gamovlinda, rom gamokiTxuli mosaxleobis 92%
Tvlis, rom saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqe valdebulia, flobdes saxelmwifo enas.
amasTan, gamokiTxulTa umravlesobas aqvs molodini, rom araqarTvel mosaxleobas
didi survili aqvs, Seiswavlos qarTuli. gamokiTxuli araqarTveli mosaxleobis
82.9%-s qvemo qarTlSi da 65,2%-s samcxe-javaxeTSi miaCnia, rom sWirdeba qarTuli
enis kursebi.
enis Seswavlis strategiebis klasifikacias jer kidev wina saukunis 50-70-ian
wlebSi daedo safuZveli da metwilad, inglisuris, rogorc aramSobliuri enis
swavlasTan arsebul gamowvevebs ukavSirdeboda. arsebobs araerTi modeli,
romelic strategiuli instrumentebis sxvadasxva klasifikacias efuZneba, Tumca
saerTo mizans, meore enis efeqtur Seswavlas ukavSirdeba. mokled mimovixiloT
ramdenime mniSvnelovani mimarTuleba:
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