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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi:<br />
problemebi da gamowvevebi<br />
Issues of State Language Teaching;<br />
Problems and Challenges<br />
da seqtorebis moswavleTa raodenoba 28260 moswavles Seadgens (24 512 rusul<br />
seqtorebSi da 3748 rusulenovan skolebSi). ganaTlebis da mecnierebis saministros<br />
2007 wlis monacemebs Tu daveyrdnobiT rusi erovnebis moswavleTa raodenoba<br />
mTels saqarTveloSi mxolod 4732 moswavlea. aRniSnuli statistikiT ki naTelia,<br />
rom rusulenovani skolebis an seqtorebis moswavleTa didi nawilisTvis rusuli<br />
ena mSobliuri ena ar aris. am skolebis moswavleTa zusti raodenobis gansazRvra,<br />
visTvisac rusuli ena mSobliuri ar aris rTulia, radgan xSirad saqarTveloSi<br />
eTnikuri da lingvisturi foni erTmaneTs ar emTxveva. magaliTad, eTnikuri<br />
somxebis nawilisTvis mSobliuri ena SeiZleba rusuli iyos, radgan mSoblebis<br />
rusulenovani ganaTlebis gamo saojaxo ena rusulia. miuxedavad amisa, moswavleTa<br />
raodenoba, romlebisTvisac rusuli ena mSobliuri ena ar aris mainc sakmaod<br />
maRalia. anu am skolebSi, moswavleTa didi nawilisTvis swavlebis enad<br />
gamoiyeneba arc mSobliuri da arc dominanti ena. am models SeiZleba “prestiJul<br />
saemigracio” modeli vuwodoT (tabataZe, 2010). am modelSi sami tipis problema<br />
ikveTeba: (a) problema, romelic analogiuria submersiuli programebisTvis, anu<br />
xSirad moswavleTaTvis swavleba xdeba maTTvis absoluturad ucxo enaze, romlis<br />
uaryofiTi Sedegebi kvlevebiT dasturdeba da razec visaubreT submersiuli<br />
programebis analizisas; (b) meore tipis problema identuria mSobliuri enis<br />
programasTan, es programebi problematuria am programebis kursdamTavrebulTa<br />
sazogadoebaSi integraciis TvalsazrisiT, ris Sesaxeb mSobliuri enis<br />
programebis analizisas visaubreT; (g) mesame tipis problema, romelzec agreTve<br />
saubroben gaxlavT am programebis mizani, romelic, faqtobrivad, gacxadebulia,<br />
rom es skolebi amzadeben moswavleebs sxva saxelmwifoSi sacxovreblad arCevanis<br />
gareSe. anu am skolis kursdamTavrebulebi ZiriTadad emigrirebulni arian<br />
mezobel saxelmwifoebSi, radgan saqarTveloSi maTi integraciis xarisxi da<br />
konkurentunarianoba minimaluria. Sesabamisad, es skolebi zrdian<br />
kursdamTavrebulebs, romelebic konkurentunarianebi arian sxva saxelmwifoSi da<br />
arakonkurentunarianebi saqarTveloSi, rac „tvinebis gadinebis“ erT-erTi<br />
xelSemwyobi faqtoricaa. Sesabamisad, mxolod am mesame faqtoris<br />
gaTvaliswinebiTac ki arsebul „prestiJul-saemigracio“ modeli gadaxedvas da<br />
reformirebas saWiroebs (tabataZe, 2010).<br />
bilingvuri ganaTlebis „susti“ programebis efeqturobac kiTxvis niSnis qveS<br />
dgas sxvadasxva kvlevebiT. saxelmwifo enisa da mSobliuri enis mxardaWeris<br />
programebi qvemo qarTlsa da samcxe-javaxeTSi efeqturad ver imuSavebs, radgan am<br />
regionebSi skolis gareT garemo absoluturad araqarTulenovania. Sesabamisad,<br />
skolis garda socializaciis sxva agentebi (ojaxi, Temi, eklesia, TanatolTa wre,<br />
samezoblo da a.S.) bilingvuri ganaTlebis xelSewyobis faqtorebs ar<br />
warmoadgenen. Sesabamisad, am „sust“ programebs kompaqturi gansaxlebis regionebSi<br />
pozitiuri Sedegis motana naklebad SeuZliaT. Cveni kvlevis mizani swored<br />
kompaqturi gansaxlebis regionebia da Seswavlili 26 skolidan 12 swored<br />
saxelmwifo enis mxardaWeris susti programa SearCia (9 skola samcxe-javaxeTSi, 3<br />
skola qvemo qarTlSi). skolebi aRniSnuli programis SerCevisas daefuZnen<br />
arsebul sakadro resursebs da arsebuli resursebis pirobebSi maT swored<br />
saxelmwifo enis mxardaWeris susti programa dagegmes, rac, zemoT ganxiluli<br />
faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT, Znelad savaraudoa, rom efeqturi aRmoCndes.<br />
saqarTvelos konteqstSi sainteresoa „tranzituli“ bilingvuri ganaTlebis<br />
programis analizi. Seswavlili 26 skolidan tranzituli modeli 3-ma skolam<br />
airCia (samive skola qvemo qarTlSi, arcerTi skola samcxe-javaxeTSi). tranzituli<br />
bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebi gulisxmobs, rom swavlebis sawyis etapze<br />
moswavleebi sagnebs swavloben mSobliur enaze, raTa ar moxdes maTi akademiuri<br />
CamorCena, xolo Semdgom TandaTan gadadian saxelmwifo enaze swavlebis modelze<br />
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