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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges pirveli nabiji umaRles saswavleblebSi araqarTulenovani skolebis kursdamTavrebulTa moxvedris SesaZleblobas iZleoda qarTuli enis adaptirebuli testis meSveobiT, magram es upiratesoba gauqmda 2006 wels. rogorc Cans, monolingvuri ganaTleba mSobliur enaze umciresobebis umetes nawils arTmevs SesaZleblobas, swavla ganagrZos saqarTvelos umaRles saswavleblebSi saxelmwifo enaze. wminda lingvisturi xarvezebis garda, umciresobebis moswavleebTan sxva saxis problemebic SeiniSneba. magaliTad is, rom umciresobebis da umravlesobebis skolebi arseboben erTmaneTisgan gancalkevebulad, bavSvebi swavloben izolirebulad adreuli asakidan, isini dayofilni arian maTi eTnikuri, enobrivi da kulturuli mikuTvnebulobis mixedviT da maT aswavlian gancalkevebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom SesaZloa es moswavleebi cxovrobdnen erTsa da imave an mezobel qalaqSi/raionSi. maTi yoveldRiuri cxovrebidan gamomdinare, vidre isini izrdebian erTmaneTisgan izolirebul garemoSi, uyalibdebaT Sexeduleba, rom isini arian erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli adamianebi.EaRniSnuli ki, ewinaaRmdegeba erTiani saxelmwifos cnebas, romelic gawerilia 29-e muxlis 1.d) punqtSi. “...ganaTlebam unda uzrunvelyos �...� moamzados bavSvi damoukidebeli cxovrebisaTvis Tavisufal sazogadoebaSi, romelsac eqneba Tavisuflebis, mSvidobis, Tanasworuflebianobis gagebis unari; eTnikuri, nacionaluri da religiuri jgufebis da pirovnebebis pativiscemis grZnoba”. umciresobebis ganaTlebis ignorireba uzrunvelyofs bavSvebis SesaZleblobebis araTanabar ganviTarebas, rac, Tavis mxriv, iwvevs sazogadoebis danawevrebas da matulobs eTnikur niadagze konfliqtis warmoSobis riskebi. qarTul enaSi dabali enobrivi kompetencia aris rogorc mcire motivacia, aseve mcire SesaZlebloba umciresobebis enaze mosaubreebisTvis, TavianTi profesiuli cxovreba daukavSiron qarTulenovan sazogadoebas. msgavsi midgoma ewinaaRmdegeba moqalaqeobriv TviTSegnebaze dafuZnebul erTiani saxelmwifos formirebas. ganaTleba umciresobebisTvis, romelTaTvisac swavlebis ena aris – saxelmwifo qarTuli enis mniSvnelobis gazrda, iseve rogorc saxelmwifo enis minimaluri standartis moTxovna saxelmwifos mier, ufro da ufro met eTnikuri umciresobis mSobels ubiZgebs misi Svili miiyvanos qarTulenovan skolaSi. aRniSnuli zrda saxelmwifo enis mimarT moTxovnisa warmodgenilia CIMERA-s mier 2005 welSi Catarebul gamouqveynebel gamokiTxvaSi, romelic Catarda qvemo qarTlis regionSi, sadac mosaxleobis umetesobas eTnikuri umciresobebi warmoadgenen da am ojaxebis bavSvebi ganaTlebas iReben mSobliur enaze. miuxedavad miuxedavad amisa, maTi lingvisturi da kognituri ganviTareba aris ugulebelyofili. bavSvebisTvis swavlebas mxolod im enaze, romelic maTTvis mSobliuri ar aris ewodeba submersia an sruli imersia. mniSvnelovania, aRiniSnos, rom am modeliT bilingvizmi miiRweva iSviaTad, mxolod Zalian gansakuTrebul enobriv garemoSi, sadac bavSvebis mSobliuri ena sargeblobs didi prestiJiT da farTod gamoiyeneba skolis gareT komunikaciisTvis. Cveulebriv, umetes SemTxvevaSi saqarTveloSi es modeli ver gamodgeba bilingvizmis misaRwevad. ufro metic, SesaZloa safrTxe Seeqmnas bavSvebis inteleqtualur da enobriv ganviTarebas. Tu araqarTulad mosau- 21
saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges bre bavSvi dadis qarTulenovan skolaSi qarTvel bavSvebTan erTad, is gaivlis mTels saganmanaTleblo process im enaze, romelic misTvis ucxoa da daemarTeba “sruli imersiuli Soki”. es Soki xels Seuwyobs bavSvSi informaciis miRebisa da swavlis unaris daqveiTebas. arsebobs molodini, rom isini SeZleben meore enis SeTvisebas qarTulad mosaubre bavSvebis garemoSi da gauTanabrdebian maT enobriv kompetencias, iswavlian Sinaarsze dafuZnebul sagnebs maTsaviT. Tumca moswavleebi mudmivad arian iseT situaciaSi, sadac ver gebuloben dasmul SekiTxvas, ver axerxeben komunikacias da warmoiqmneba problemebi da konfliqtebi maTsave pirovnebaSi: isini Tavs grZoben sulelebad da ekargebaT swavlis survili da motivacia, radgan sakuTari Tavi miaCniaT uunarod. am situaciaSi bavSvebi iketebian sakuTar TavSi da qarTuli enac TavisTavad ver aRwevs ganviTarebas. es Soki aferxebs bavSvebis unarebis ganviTarebas da did safrTxes uqmnis bavSvis kognitur ganviTarebasac. umciresobebis ganaTleba da ganviTareba aris msoflio masStabis problema, arasrulyofili saSualo ganaTleba ki, Tavis mxriv, problemas uqmnis umaRles ganaTlebas. am garemoSi bavSvis uflebebis konvenciis moTxovna warmodgenilia 29 1.a) muxlSi “... bavSvis ganaTleba mimarTuli unda iyos misi pirovnuli ganviTarebisaken, misi niWi, mentaloba da fizikuri SesaZleblobebi unda emsaxurebodes misi sruli potencialis gamovlenasa da ganviTarebas. amave dros, mSobliuri enis ganviTarebasac eqmneba safrTxe msgavs saganmanaTleblo garemoSi (igulisxmeba submersia), radgan bavSvi ver axerxebs mSobliur enaze wera-kiTxvas da, TavisTavad, zedmetia saubari raime akademiur warmatebaze mis mSobliur enaSi. maSinac ki, Tu bavSvebi ojaxSi da samegobro wreSi axerxeben komunikacias mSobliur enaze, es ver uzrunvelyofs maTi mSobliuri enis akademiur ganviTarebas, lingvisturi ganviTareba Cerdeba yoveldRiur sasaubro enobriv doneze. diagramaze naCvenebia, rom mSobliuri enis ganviTareba ara mxolod ferxdeba, aramed ukan midis 14-15 wlis asakSi. am fenomens xsnian im faqtiT, rom am asakSi moswavle iwyebs qvecnobierad azrovnebas da misi mSobliuri ena am SemTxvevaSi uqmnis sirTules skolaSi. moswavleebi, romlebic saxlSi saubroben saxelmwifo enaze, gacilebiT met akademiur Sedegs aRweven skolaSi, magram Tu ase ar aris, rasac bavSvebi iReben saxlidan (enis CaTviT) _ aferxebs maTi cxovrebis ganvi- Tarebas. am procesma SesaZloa miaRwios mSobliuri enis srul uaryofamde da, TavisTavad, im kulturis uaryofamde, romelic dakavSirebulia am enasTan. amasTan, SesaZloa Camoyalibdes mtruli/arakeTilganwyobili damokidebuleba umravlesobis enisa da kulturis mimarT. es fsiqologiuri daZabuloba aris `ori ganxxvavebuli kulturis SeuTavsebloba” ("bicultural ambivalence"): `sircxvili mSobliuri kulturis mimarT da mtruli damokidebuleba sxvisi kulturisadmi: (`shame towards the native culture and hostility towards the other)". roca maswavlebelma icis bavSvis mSobliuri ena, igi cdilobs Targmnos im SemTxvevaSi, FTu bavSvi ver igebs. magram faqtia: Tu saswavlo procesi mimdinareobs mudmivad Targmanis TanxlebiT, bavSvi verasodes gaigebs srul, Tanmimdevrul teqsts saswavlo enaze, radgan maswavlebeli mudmivad axdens erTi enidan meore enaze gadasvlas. aman SesaZloa gamoiwvios qvecnobierad enebis aRreva, ris gamoc individi ver miaRwevs saSualo Sedegsac ki 22
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imersia saxelmwifo enis swavlebis s
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TinaTin kiRuraZe ilias saxelmwifo u
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a. passionate b. Pathetic c. enthus
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Ekaterina Protassova University of
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Dace Dalbina, Vineta Vaivade Latvia
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Plurilingualism and plurilingual co
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REFERENCES saxelmwifo enis swavlebi
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Irine Shubitidze CCIIR, Tbilisi, Ge
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Shalva Tabatadze Ivane Javakhishvil
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Sophie Mujiri Ivane Javakhishvili T
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� Creates opportunities for pract
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Tinatin Kiguradze Ilia State Univer
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