Untitled

saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi:
problemebi da gamowvevebi
Issues of State Language Teaching;
Problems and Challenges
kidev srulyofas saWiroebs (kristi, 2003, gv.57-66; raupaxi, 2003, gv. 156-163; tranteri,
2003, gv. 3-6).
erTiani evropuli sarekomendacio CarCos horizontalur dimensiaze
mocemulia enobrivi kompetenciis calkeuli aqtivobebisa da parametrebis skalebi.
maT Soris enis SemswavlelTaTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania zepiri
metyvelebis mosmenisa da gagebis kvalifikacia da misi sxvadasxva aqtivobebis,
miznebisa da magaliTebis aRwera. zepiri metyvelebis aRqma-gagebisa da masTan
dakavSirebuli fonetikur-fonologiuri kompetenciis gareSe ucxo enis
Semswavlelebi ucxoenovan samyaroSi elementarul doneze komunikaciasac ki ver
gaarTmeven Tavs, radgan `enis recefciuli aRqma warmoadgens am enis Seswavlis
umTavres winapirobas~ (hirSfeldi, 2001, gv. 873). empiriuli gamokvlevebiT
dasturdeba, rom `mosmenas~ enis yoveldRiuri gamoyenebis dros marTlac wamyvani
funqcia akisria _ 42%. mas mosdevs `metyveleba~ _ 32%, `kiTxva~ _ 15% da `wera~ _
11%. is faqti, rom mosmena, percefcia warmoadgens safuZvels produqciisaTvis,
metyvelebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT gasaTvaliswinebelia ucxo enis gakveTilze,
romelzec `ucxo enis Seswavlas auditoruli xasiaTi unda hqondes~
(noiner/hunfeldi, 1993, gv. 37). ucxo enis gakveTilze, erTi mxriv, unda vizrunoT
audio- da kompiuteruli teqnikisa da uaxlesi meTodika-didaqtikis gamoyenebiT
mosmenis unar-Cvevis CamoyalibebisaTvis, meore mxriv ki, mxedvelobaSi unda
miviRoT zepiri metyvelebis gagebasTan dakavSirebuli sirTuleebi. am sirTuleebis
analizis bazaze SesaZlebeli gaxdeba rogorc enis SemswavlelTa miznebis
gaTvaliswineba, saswavlo masalis swori SerCeva da gamoyeneba swavlebisa da
swavlis procesSi, aseve, sagamocdo testis koreqtuli Sedgena da obieqturi
Sefaseba sarekomendacio CarCos standartis gaTvaliswinebiT. marTalia, xSir
SemTxvevaSi rTulia mosmenis kompetenciis misadageba sarekomendacio CarCos
doneebisadmi, magram am problemis optimaluri gadaWrisaTvis aucilebelia gzebis
gamonaxva. amrigad, mosmenis kompetenciis swavlis, swavlebisa da Sefasebis
procesSi gasaTvaliswinebelia Semdegi faqtorebi da sirTuleebi:
1. SeuZlebelia zepiri metyvelebis aRqma-gagebis procesze uSualo dakvirveba.
es faqti mosmenas Zireulad ganasxvavebs metyvelebisa da weris unar-Cvevebisagan,
romlebze dakvirvebac SesaZlebelia. mosmenis unar-Cvevis testirebis dros Cveni
dakvirveba gamosacdel pirze amoiwureba misi reaqciis gakontrolebiT, mag.
Semoxazavs Tu ara igi mosmenili teqstis Tanmxleb davalebaSi ramdenime mocemuli
alternatividan swor variants.
2. enis sxvadasxva Semswavlelma mosmenili teqsti SeiZleba sxvadasxvagvarad
gaigos. mosmenili teqstis gageba aqtiuri, subieqturi procesia, romelic
damokidebulia interindividualur da personalur faqtorebze, rogoricaa:
distancia mSobliur da ucxoenovan qveyanas Soris da am qveynebis kulturaTa
zogadi codna, ucxo enis Seswavlis motivacia, teqstis tipebisa da
superstruqturebis metakognituri codna, gagebis kompetencia mSobliur enaSi,
zogadi enobrivi da strategiuli kompetenciebi ucxo enaSi, damaxsovrebis unari
da sxv. (am problemebis sruli CamonaTvali ix. zolmeke, 1993, gv. 34-38; egersi, 1996,
gv. 21). samecniero literaturaSi aRiniSneba, rom ucxo enis SemswavlelTa 65%-s
ucxoenovani metyvelebis mosmenisa da mentaluri damuSavebis procesSi aqvs ufro
cudi gagebisa da damaxsovrebis unari, vidre mSobliur enaSi. Tu ucxo enis
Semswavlels ara aqvs kargad ganviTarebuli percefciuli aRqmis unari, mas
bgeriTi nakadis aRqma-gagebis dros sityvebis identifikaciac ki uWirs. rac ufro
meti leqsikuri da gramatikuli kompetencia aqvs ucxo enis Semswavlels, miT
ufro ukeT imaxsovrebs igi teqstis Sinaarss mosmenis procesSi da piriqiT,
arasakmao leqsikuri maragi warmoadgens mosmenili teqstis araadekvaturi gagebis
mTavar mizezs (grotiani, 1998, 35-83).
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