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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges 1. modelis demonstrireba maswavleblis mier - maswavlebeli Tavad aris mTavar rolSi, marto is fiqrobs "xmamaRla", aRwers azrovnebis process da aswavlis moswavleebs kiTxvis ZiriTadi strategiebis saWiro dros gamoyenebas. moswavleebs win udevT teqstis asli da mxolod msmenelebis rolSi arian. „xmamaRla fiqris“ es varianti ufro metad pirvel etapze gamoiyeneba, anu maSin, rodesac bavSvebisTvis aRniSnuli strategia jer kidev ucnobia da mis gansaxorcieleblad safuZvliani ganmartebebi da nimuSis Cveneba esaWiroebaT. Tumca, Cven mier Catarebul kvlevaze dayrdnobiT aqve SevniSnavT, rom meTodis am variantis gamoyeneba SedarebiT naklebad sainteresoa bavSvebisaTvis. moswavleebs surT maswavleblis fiqrebis mosmena, magram cdiloben Tavadac CaerTon da aqtiuri monawileoba miiRon „xmamaRla fiqris“ procesSi. 2. meTodis erToblivi ganxorcieleba maswavleblisa da moswavleebis mier - am SemTxvevaSi maswavleblis roli mcirdeba, moswavleebi procesis Tanamonawileebi xdebian. maswavlebeli SekiTxvebis meSveobiT maT "xmamaRla afiqrebs". SesaZlebelia, moswavleebma daweron kidec TavianTi fiqrebi da maTi ganxilva mogvianebiT moxdes. am variantis xSiri gamoyenebiT moswavleebi advilad gaiwafebian „xmamaRla fiqrSi“. 3. meTodis damoukideblad ganxorcieleba moswavleebis mier - kiTxvis strategiebis gamoyenebaSi gawafuli moswavleebi Tavad warmarTaven „xmamaRla fiqris“ process, Tavadve irCeven teqstis gasaazreblad xerxebs, maswavlebeli ki mxolod damkvirveblis rolSi rCeba. V. "xmamaRla fiqri" - meTodis aRwera pirvel rigSi, maswavlebeli SearCevs teqsts. sasurvelia, mas hqondes damafiqrebeli saTauri, dasawyisi, movlenebis ganviTarebis saintereso nawili da dasasruli. maswavlebeli warudgens moswavleebs wasakiTx teqsts da isaubrebs “xmamaRla fiqris” strategiis daniSnulebaze, ganumartavs maT, Tu rogori unda iyos kargi mkiTxveli. garda amisa, maswavlebeli bavSvebs eubneba, rom xmamaRla gamoTqmuli fiqrebis saSualebiT igi Tavad aCvenebs maT, Tu rogor kiTxulobs da iazrebs teqsts kargi mkiTxveli. am gziT moswavleebi Tvalyurs miadevneben da gaigoneben, Tu ra xdeba maswavleblis gonebaSi. Zalze mniSvnelovania, rom maswavlebelma klasSi pozitiuri ganwyoba Seqmnas. Tu saklaso garemo amis saSualebas iZleva, sasurvelia, bavSvebi dasxdnen Tavisuflad (pufebze, baliSebze, iatakze dafenil fardagze...), Tuki pirobebi SedarebiT SezRudulia, SeiZleba ufro martivadac, magaliTad, skamebi wreze daalagon, rom bunebrivi da myudro garemo Seiqmnas da urTierTkavSiris erTgvari jaWvic Seikras, rac erToblivi fiqris process mniSvnelovnad Seuwyobs xels. Zalian kargi iqneba, Tu maswavlebelic maT gverdiT Camojdeba, raTa bavSvebma igrZnon, rom is mTeli am procesis aqtiuri Tanamonawilea - erT-erTi maTgania. kiTxvis dros maswavlebeli winaswar gansazRvrul adgilebSi Cerdeba. pauzebis raodenoba mxolod mis gadawyvetilebasa da miznebzea damokidebuli. kiTxvis dawyebis win igi sTxovs bavSvebs, rom pauzebTan gaCerebisas ar ganagrZon teqstis damoukideblad kiTxva, vidre Tavad ar etyvis. TiTo pauza SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos erTze meti strategiis demonstrirebisaTvis. pauzis dros maswavlebeli iwyebs xmamaRla fiqrs wakiTxulis Sesaxeb. sasurvelia, man yuradReba gaamaxvilos teqstis im detalebze, romlebic moswavleebisTvis damabnevelia. aseTi SeiZleba iyos ucxo sityva, rTuli Sinaarsis mqone winadadeba an mTliani abzaci. 151
saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi: problemebi da gamowvevebi Issues of State Language Teaching; Problems and Challenges maswavlebelma SeiZleba mimarTos fantazias, esaubros teqsts an teqstis avtorsac ki. kargi iqneba, Tu igi mxatvrulad waikiTxavs da Sinaarsis mixedviT Seicvlis tembrs/tons/intonacias/gamometyvelebas/pozas. aucileblad unda aRiniSnos, rom erT teqstSi kiTxvis rvave strategiis gamoyeneba ar aris mizanSewonili, gansakuTrebiT, meTodis gamoyenebis pirvel etapze, es daabnevs moswavles da gamoiwvevs rig gaugebrobebs. umjobesia sworad ganisazRvros, ama Tu im tipis teqstisTvis romeli strategiebi iqneba efeqturi, pirvel etapze ki sakmarisi iqneba mxolod 2-3 maTgani. bavSvebis efeqtur mkiTxvelebad Camoyalibebis xangrZlivi procesis gamdidreba etapobrivad unda moxdes. kiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg maswavlebeli aucileblad unda dainteresdes, daexmara Tu ara moswavleebs misi xmamaRali fiqri wakiTxulis gageba/gaazrebaSi. Tu maswavlebeli xmamaRla fiqris meTods rojer farisa da jeni koneris mier SemoTavazebuli meore an mesame variantis mixedviT warmarTavs, SeuZlia ganaxorcielos aseTi sqema: rodesac erTi bavSvi fiqrobs xmamaRla, meore usmens mas da iwers mis azrebs. Semdeg isini cvlian rolebs. ase rom, orive maTgans eZleva SesaZlebloba ifiqros xmamaRla da aseve daakvirdes sxvis azrovnebis process. kargi iqneba, Tuki kiTxvis dasrulebis Semdeg moswavleebs Soris gaimarTeba diskusia imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra gaakeTes kargad da ra ar gamouvidaT. TavianTi Canawerebis safuZvelze moswavleebi erTmaneTs exmarebian da aswavlian (xmamaRla kiTxvis strategia). gakveTilis bolos an procesSive maswavlebels SeuZlia moswavleebs daazustebinos yvela is bundovani azri, romelic warmoiSva xmamaRla fiqris dros. magaliTad, "roca Tqven fiqrobdiT xmamaRla, Tqven axseneT... iqneb axsnaT, Tu ras niSnavda... ra igulisxmeT?" (xmamaRla kiTxvis strategia). aucilebelia imis gaTvaliswineba, rom meTodis ganxorcielebis dros ar arsebobs bavSvebis swori an araswori pasuxi/mosazreba. maT unda igrZnon, rom maTi TiToeuli sityva aris uaRresad mniSvnelovani da saintereso maswavleblisaTvis. es aris aqtivoba, romelic sakuTari azris gamosaTqmelad maqsimalur komforts uqmnis bavSvs. maswavlebels „xmamaRla fiqris“ procesis warmarTvaSi sruli Tavisufleba aqvs. mas SeuZlia gakveTilis dagegmvisas CarTos SemoqmedebiToba, fantazia da meTodi Tavis interesebsa da gakveTilis miznebs moargos. VI. ratom aris "xmamaRla fiqris" meTodi sasargeblo? pirvel rigSi, meTodis saSualebiT moswavleebi yalibdebian efeqtur mkiTxvelebad; igi exmareba maswavlebels bavSvis azrovnebis ganviTarebis procesis kontrolSi, xolo moswavleebs - sakuTari azrovnebis dinamikisTvis Tvalyuris midevnebaSi. meTodi bavSvebs aRuZravs motivacias, ikiTxon ufro meti dakvirvebiT da yuradReba gaamaxvilon mniSvnelovan, Tu, erTi SexedviT, umniSvnelo detalebze; aswavlis, rogor gaarCion mTavari meorexarisxovanisgan, miuxvdnen avtors saTqmels; amas garda, "xmamaRla fiqris" meTodis xSiri gamoyeneba aumjobesebs moswavleebis metyvelebisa da sakuTari azris gadmocemis unars, uyalibebs maT TviTSefasebis Cvevebs. VII. "xmamaRla fiqris" meTodis gamocda 152
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ekaterina protasova helsinkis unive
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usuli enis magaliTi saxelmwifo enis
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Dace Dalbina, Vineta Vaivade Latvia
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Plurilingualism and plurilingual co
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REFERENCES saxelmwifo enis swavlebi
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