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saxelmwifo enis swavlebis sakiTxebi:<br />
problemebi da gamowvevebi<br />
Issues of State Language Teaching;<br />
Problems and Challenges<br />
saxelmwifo enis dauflebis kvaldakval. amerikis SeerTebul Statebsa da<br />
britaneTSi tranzituli bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebi miiCneva „sust“<br />
programebad, romelTa efeqti naklebia (ufro metic, amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi<br />
tranzituli programebis araefeqturobis Seswavlam ganapiroba bilingvuri<br />
ganaTlebis programebis dafinansebis Sewyvetac ki). tranzituli bilingvuri<br />
ganaTlebis araefeqturobis mizezad Semdegi faqtorebi saxeldeba: (a) meti droa<br />
saWiro enis Sesaswavlad, raTa moxdes umravlesobis enaze swavlebaze srulad<br />
gadasvla, Sedegad arasakmarisi drois gamo xdeba akademiuri CamorCena; (b) enebs<br />
Soris statusi gansxvavebulia, umciresobaTa ena dabali statusiT sargeblobs da<br />
Sesabamisad moswavleTa TviTrwmena dabalia, rac xels uSlis maT akademiur<br />
warmatebas; (g) maswavlebelTa umravlesoba monolingvalia da mxolod<br />
umravlesobis enas flobs, am programis efeqturobisTvis ki mniSvnelovania<br />
bilingvali maswavleblis arseboba, romelic SeZlebs orive enaze swavlebas<br />
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi; (d) moswavleebi umravlesobis enaze swrafad gadasvlis<br />
pirobebSi ver axerxeben mSobliur enaze ganaTlebis miRebas da maTi kompetencia<br />
mSobliur enaSic akademiuri enis TvalsazrisiT dabalia (garsia, 1991, evando da<br />
misi kolegebi, 2003, qriisi, 2004, beikeri, 2006). amerikis SeerTebuli Statebsa da<br />
inglisTan SedarebiT gansxvavebuli viTarebaa saqarTveloSi sami TvalsazrisiT:<br />
(a) qvemo qarTlsa da samcxe-javaxeTSi umciresobebis enis statusi da prestiJi<br />
sakmaod maRalia; Sesabamisad, moswavleebSi gamoricxulia TviTrwmenis dakargva da<br />
sakuTari enis mimarT uaryofiTi damokidebulebis gaCena; (b) araqarTulenovani<br />
skolis maswavlebelTa absoluturi umravlesoba monolingvalia, oRond<br />
mSobliuri eniT da ara umravlesobis enis TvalsazrisiT.; (g) qvemo qarTlsa da<br />
samcxe-javaxeTSi skolis miRma garemo araqarTulenovania.<br />
am sami faqtoris gaTvaliswinebiT, tranzituli bilingvuri ganaTlebis<br />
programis sworad dagegmvis pirobebSi, qvemo qarTlsa da samcxe-javaxeTSi<br />
SesaZlebelia am programebma efeqturad imuSaos. mniSvnelovania, rom, upirveles<br />
yovlisa, ganxorcieldes “gviani” gasvlis tranzituli bilingvuri ganaTlebis<br />
programebi. garda amisa, mniSvnelovania, rom saqarTvelos konteqstSi tranzituli<br />
bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebi ar moicavdes mxolod da mxolod dawyebiT<br />
safexurs. bilingvuri ganaTleba xorcieldebodes sabazo da saSualo safexurzec<br />
swavlebis enis adekvaturi procentuli monacvlebiT.<br />
Sereuli bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebi Seswavlili 26 skolidan oTxma<br />
SearCia (3 samcxe-javaxeTi, 1 qvemo qarTli). aRniSnuli skolebidan 3 skolaSi<br />
swavlebis ena rusuli iyo, xolo erT skolaSi _ qarTuli. sainteresoa qarTuli<br />
skolis magaliTi, romelmac oficialur ganacxadSi Sereuli programa airCia,<br />
Tumca, realurad aRniSnuli programa absoluturad inovaciuria da mas „ormagi<br />
submersiis“ programa SeiZleba ewodos eTnikuri umciresobebis moswavleTaTvis.<br />
bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebi saqarTveloSi swored eTnikuri<br />
umciresobebisTvis daigegma, axalqalaqis qarTulenovani skola ZiriTadad<br />
eTnikurad qarTvelebiTaa dakompleqtebuli, Tumca bilingvuri modelis SeTavazeba<br />
iyo instrumenti, es skola mimzidveli yofiliyo eTnikurad somexi<br />
moswavleebisTvis. qarTul-rusuli modelis SeTavazebiT ki, faqtobrivad, skola<br />
sTavazobs moswavleebs „ormagi submersiis“ programas, radgan am moswavleebisTvis<br />
arc qarTuli da arc rusuli mSobliuri ena ar aris da swavlis dawyebisas isini<br />
SesaZlebelia vercerT enas ver flobdnen. Sesabamisad, submersiis programis<br />
negatiuri efeqtebidan gamomdinare, advilad gasaanalizebelia, ra Sedegebi<br />
SeiZleba hqondes „ormagi submersiis“ programas eTnikurad somexi<br />
moswavleebisTvis. sxva sakiTxia am programis farglebSi qarTulenovani da<br />
rusulenovani moswavleTa sakiTxi. maTTvis es programa dualuri bilingvuri<br />
ganaTlebis programad SeiZleba ganvixiloT. rac Seexeba zogadad Sereuli<br />
bilingvuri ganaTlebis programebs, albaT, SeiZleba am programebma mniSvnelovani<br />
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