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fermenti solely for this purpose would not be justifi ed.<br />

Changes in starter preparation method <strong>and</strong> supplementation<br />

levels may also affect oligosaccharide consumption. Address:<br />

Univ. <strong>of</strong> Reading, Reading, Berkshire, UK, <strong>and</strong> Chiang-Mai<br />

Univ., Thail<strong>and</strong>.<br />

409. Soyanews (Sri Lanka). 1980. Recipes: Curds <strong>and</strong> <strong>yogurt</strong><br />

from <strong>soy</strong>a <strong>milk</strong>. 3(5):3. Dec.<br />

• Summary: The “curd from buffalo <strong>milk</strong> along with treacle<br />

[like molasses] still remains the piece de resistance <strong>of</strong> the<br />

traditional Sri Lankan table.” Inoculate warm <strong>soy</strong>a <strong>milk</strong> with<br />

dairy curd.<br />

410. Dimov, N.; Djondjorova, O.; Kozhev, A. 1980.<br />

Dietichen mlechno-kisel product ot soevo i krave mlyako<br />

[A cultured diet <strong>yogurt</strong> from <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> <strong>and</strong> cow’s <strong>milk</strong>].<br />

Khranitelna Promishlenost (Food Industry) 29(5):12-14. [3<br />

ref. Bul]*<br />

Address: Bulgaria.<br />

411. Wildwuchs. 1980. Herzlich willkommen: Wildwuchs<br />

im Werkhaus [Welcome to Cafe-Wildwuchs in the Werkhaus<br />

(Poster)]. Leonrodstr. 19, 8 Munich, West Germany. 2 p.<br />

[Ger]<br />

• Summary: Run by Alex<strong>and</strong>er Nabben, this is a completely<br />

vegetarian, organic, smoke-free cafe, restaurant, <strong>and</strong> club<br />

that serves 3 warm meals a day, bakes bread <strong>and</strong> cakes,<br />

<strong>and</strong> produces various <strong>soy</strong>foods (soja-produkte), including<br />

<strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> <strong>yogurt</strong>, t<strong>of</strong>u (Soja Käse), <strong>soy</strong>-based mayonnaise, <strong>soy</strong><br />

c<strong>of</strong>fee, etc. Address: Munich, West Germany. Phone: 16 04<br />

74.<br />

412. Fukushima, Danji; Hashimoto, Hikotaka. 1980. Oriental<br />

<strong>soy</strong>bean foods. In: F.T. Corbin, ed. 1980. World Soybean<br />

Research Conference II: Proceedings. Boulder, Colorado:<br />

Westview Press. xv + 897 p. See p. 729-743. [7 ref]<br />

• Summary: Contents: Fermented <strong>soy</strong>bean foods. Nonfermented<br />

<strong>soy</strong>bean food. Conclusion. References.<br />

The following statistics show the amount (tons) <strong>of</strong><br />

whole <strong>soy</strong>beans / defatted <strong>soy</strong>bean grits / total <strong>of</strong> whole <strong>and</strong><br />

grits consumed for various <strong>soy</strong>bean foods <strong>and</strong> feeds in Japan<br />

in 1976.<br />

Fermented <strong>soy</strong>foods: Shoyu (<strong>soy</strong> sauce) 10,000 /<br />

165,000 / 175,000, miso 190,500 / 5,000 / 195,500. Natto<br />

69,000 / 0 / 69,000.<br />

Non-fermented <strong>soy</strong>foods: t<strong>of</strong>u <strong>and</strong> aburage (fried t<strong>of</strong>u<br />

pouches) 411,500, 55,000 / 466,500. Kori-t<strong>of</strong>u (dried-frozen<br />

t<strong>of</strong>u) 29,000 / 0 / 29,000. Others 16,000 / 75,000 / 91,000.<br />

Animal feeds: 30,000 / 1,950,000 / 1,980,000. Thus<br />

total use for foods <strong>and</strong> feeds is whole <strong>soy</strong>beans 756,000.<br />

Defatted <strong>soy</strong>bean grits 2,250,000, total <strong>of</strong> both 3,006,000.<br />

By type <strong>of</strong> use, animal feeds account for 65.9% <strong>of</strong> total<br />

Japanese usage <strong>of</strong> whole <strong>soy</strong>beans <strong>and</strong> defatted grits, nonfermented<br />

<strong>soy</strong>foods account for 19.5%, <strong>and</strong> fermented<br />

HISTORY OF SOY YOGURT & CULTURED SOYMILK 167<br />

© Copyright Soyinfo <strong>Center</strong> 2012<br />

<strong>soy</strong>foods account for 14.6%. The top three food users are<br />

t<strong>of</strong>u (466,500 tons, 45.5% <strong>of</strong> all food uses), miso (195,500),<br />

<strong>and</strong> shoyu (175,000). There are 35,000 t<strong>of</strong>u plants in Japan.<br />

Fermented <strong>soy</strong>bean foods described are shoyu (<strong>soy</strong><br />

sauce; 5 types), miso (3 basic types, 6 varieties), sufu<br />

(Chinese <strong>soy</strong>bean cheese), tempeh (fermented <strong>soy</strong>bean cake),<br />

natto (fermented whole <strong>soy</strong>beans; itohiki-natto <strong>and</strong> hamanatto),<br />

<strong>and</strong> fermented <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> (recently a new fermented<br />

<strong>soy</strong>bean product appeared on the market in Japan. It is a <strong>soy</strong><br />

<strong>milk</strong> drink fermented by lactic acid bacteria).<br />

Non-fermented <strong>soy</strong>bean foods described are t<strong>of</strong>u (<strong>soy</strong><br />

<strong>milk</strong> curd), aburage (fried t<strong>of</strong>u pouches), kori-t<strong>of</strong>u (driedfrozen<br />

t<strong>of</strong>u), yuba (coagulant fi lm <strong>of</strong> <strong>soy</strong> <strong>milk</strong>), kinako<br />

(roasted <strong>soy</strong>bean powder), moyashi (<strong>soy</strong>bean sprouts), <strong>and</strong><br />

<strong>soy</strong>beans. Production, chemical composition, <strong>and</strong> use <strong>of</strong> each<br />

<strong>of</strong> these foods is discussed.<br />

Figures (fl ow sheets) show: (1) Shoyu manufacturing<br />

process. (2) Rice miso manufacturing process. (3) Sufu<br />

manufacturing process. (4a) Tempeh manufacturing process.<br />

(4b) Natto manufacturing process. (5a) T<strong>of</strong>u manufacturing<br />

process. (5b) Kori-t<strong>of</strong>u manufacturing process. Address:<br />

Kikkoman Foods Inc., P.O. Box 69, Walworth, Wisconsin<br />

53184.<br />

413. Hong Kong Soya Bean Products Co. Ltd. 1980. The<br />

Hong Kong Soya Bean Products Co. Limited: 1940-1980.<br />

Hong Kong: HKSBP. 24 p. In English <strong>and</strong> Chinese. [Eng;<br />

Chi]<br />

• Summary: K.S. Lo writes that the 1970s have been a<br />

decade <strong>of</strong> ups <strong>and</strong> downs. “For no sooner had we launched<br />

a new range <strong>of</strong> products, namely, precooked Chinese dishes,<br />

infant weaning food, <strong>and</strong> cheese from <strong>soy</strong>bean <strong>milk</strong>; then we<br />

were forced to suspend all three. What was thought to be a<br />

great leap forward in diversifi cation, turned out to be a great<br />

fl op. The expensive lesson learned is never to leap before<br />

one learns to run.” Fortunately the next venture, a line <strong>of</strong><br />

fruit juices <strong>and</strong> traditional fl avored teas in Tetra Brik cartons,<br />

was successful as “all the new products became extremely<br />

popular from the moment <strong>of</strong> launching.”<br />

Today over 10,000 shops in Hong Kong <strong>and</strong> the New<br />

Territories carry Vita products. Sales gave grown from<br />

HK$24.7 in 1970/71 to HK$106.3 in 1979/80. In 1972 the<br />

Vita<strong>soy</strong> line was exp<strong>and</strong>ed with the addition <strong>of</strong> a larger<br />

<strong>and</strong> 10 oz bottle, which became very popular. In 1975 the<br />

company installed the fi rst Tetra Brik packaging line in Hong<br />

Kong <strong>and</strong> launched UHT Vita<strong>soy</strong>. The disposable pack was<br />

accepted immediately.<br />

“In 1976, on seeing the success <strong>of</strong> the new Tetra Brik<br />

container, the company decided to branch out into the<br />

packaging <strong>of</strong> fruit juices. An initial line <strong>of</strong> 4 fl avors was<br />

selected: orange, mango, guava, <strong>and</strong> kalamansi. This new<br />

range was so successful that over 30% <strong>of</strong> the juice market<br />

was captured in the fi rst 2 years <strong>of</strong> marketing. Then 3 more<br />

items were added to the Tetra Brik Line: Chrysanthemum

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