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who he buys he live active cultures) <strong>of</strong> the number <strong>of</strong> each<br />

<strong>of</strong> these organisms per gram <strong>of</strong> ready-to-eat <strong>soy</strong> <strong>yogurt</strong>. The<br />

numbers are very high, typically more than one million live<br />

organisms <strong>of</strong> each variety per gram <strong>of</strong> <strong>yogurt</strong>. Ted also plans<br />

to put this information in the form <strong>of</strong> an easy-to-read table<br />

on his <strong>yogurt</strong> cartons. In addition, he would like to get a<br />

seal <strong>of</strong> approval from the Natural Yogurt Association, which<br />

advocates the manufacture <strong>and</strong> sale <strong>of</strong> natural <strong>yogurt</strong> with<br />

live cultures. Address: TAN Industries, Inc., 253 Sacramento<br />

St., Suite 1120, San Francisco, California 94111. Phone: 415-<br />

495-2870.<br />

1276. Farnworth, Edward R. 2003. H<strong>and</strong>book <strong>of</strong> fermented<br />

functional foods. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. 390 p.<br />

See p. 227, 295. Index.<br />

• Summary: An overview, with two chapters on fermented<br />

<strong>soy</strong>foods (natto <strong>and</strong> miso) cited separately. Chapter 1, titled<br />

“History <strong>of</strong> fermented foods” (p. 1-25) includes brief <strong>and</strong><br />

vague histories <strong>of</strong> “Soy foods” including (p. 18-19) <strong>soy</strong><br />

sauce, miso, tempeh, natto, <strong>and</strong> sufu [fermented t<strong>of</strong>u].<br />

Chapter 4, titled “Kefi r: A fermented <strong>milk</strong> product” (p.<br />

77+) states (p. 85-86) that kefi r can be made by growing kefi r<br />

grains in <strong>soy</strong>bean <strong>milk</strong> (Abraham <strong>and</strong> de Antini 1999, p. 327-<br />

33).<br />

Chapter 9 is “Natto–A food made by fermented cooked<br />

<strong>soy</strong>beans with Bacillus subtilis (natto),” (p. 227-245).<br />

Chapter 11 is “Miso: Production, properties, <strong>and</strong> benefi ts<br />

to health” (p. 277-87). Chapter 12 is “Korean fermented<br />

foods: Kimchi <strong>and</strong> doenjang” (p. 287-305). Soyfoods<br />

mentioned on page 289 include ganjang (<strong>soy</strong> sauce),<br />

doenjang (fermented <strong>soy</strong>bean paste), chongkukjang (quick<br />

fermented <strong>soy</strong>bean paste), <strong>and</strong> gochujang (hot chili pepper<br />

<strong>soy</strong>bean paste); each <strong>of</strong> these is a major condiment in Korean<br />

cuisine. Address: PhD, Senior Research Scientist, Food<br />

Research <strong>and</strong> Development Centre, Agriculture <strong>and</strong> Agri-<br />

Food Canada, St. Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.<br />

1277. Johnson, Becky. 2003. T<strong>of</strong>u: making the most <strong>of</strong> this<br />

low-fat high-protein ingredient, with over 60 deliciously<br />

varied recipes from around the world. London: Southwater.<br />

96 p. Illust. (color). Index. 30 cm.<br />

• Summary: Buyer beware! This book is sold under two<br />

different titles but with exactly the same contents, copyright<br />

date, <strong>and</strong> number <strong>of</strong> pages. This one has a paperback<br />

binding, the <strong>other</strong> is hardcover.<br />

The 2nd title is “The T<strong>of</strong>u Cookbook: an essential cook’s<br />

guide with over 50 enticing recipes” (published by Lorenz<br />

Books, an imprint <strong>of</strong> Anness Publishing Ltd.). Both books<br />

contain many large color photos on glossy paper. with color<br />

photos on every page.<br />

Contents <strong>of</strong> both titles: Introduction. Types <strong>of</strong> t<strong>of</strong>u (fi rm<br />

t<strong>of</strong>u, silken t<strong>of</strong>u, marinated t<strong>of</strong>u, smoked t<strong>of</strong>u, frozen t<strong>of</strong>u,<br />

deep-fried t<strong>of</strong>u, <strong>other</strong> <strong>soy</strong>a bean products–bean curd skins<br />

[yuba], bean curd sticks [dried yuba sticks], tempeh, textured<br />

HISTORY OF SOY YOGURT & CULTURED SOYMILK 492<br />

© Copyright Soyinfo <strong>Center</strong> 2012<br />

vegetable protein, shoyu, tamari, miso, <strong>soy</strong>a dairy substitutes<br />

{<strong>soy</strong>a “<strong>milk</strong>,” “cream,” “<strong>yogurt</strong>” <strong>and</strong> “cheese”}). Preparation<br />

<strong>and</strong> cooking techniques (includes draining, marinating,<br />

<strong>and</strong> cutting tempeh). Soups <strong>and</strong> appetizers. Salads <strong>and</strong><br />

side dishes. Vegetarian main meals. Meat, chicken <strong>and</strong> fi sh<br />

dishes. Desserts (incl. homemade Strawberry <strong>and</strong> vanilla t<strong>of</strong>u<br />

ice cream <strong>and</strong> T<strong>of</strong>u berry cheesecake).<br />

On page 43 is a recipe for Twice-cooked tempeh which<br />

contains no t<strong>of</strong>u. Address: Chef, Engl<strong>and</strong>.<br />

1278. Nordquist, Ted. 2004. Looking back: Overview <strong>of</strong><br />

work with <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> in America (Interview). SoyaScan Notes.<br />

Jan. 29. Conducted by William Shurtleff <strong>of</strong> Soyfoods <strong>Center</strong>.<br />

• Summary: Jeremiah Ridenour was the fi rst person in the<br />

USA to have the idea <strong>of</strong> selling <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> in extended shelf<br />

life (ESL) gable-top cartons. That was a huge breakthrough.<br />

Ted wanted to build a <strong>soy</strong>plant to produce his <strong>soy</strong> base<br />

in America–ideally in California. Ted met Jeremiah, <strong>and</strong><br />

Jeremiah told Ted about his idea for using gable-top cartons.<br />

Jeremiah took Ted to Gustine, the plant where Ted developed<br />

a <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> product for Jeremiah using Ted’s proprietary<br />

formulation. He sent many samples to Jeremiah, on the<br />

underst<strong>and</strong>ing that Jeremiah would use his distribution to sell<br />

the new product. After the product was developed, Ted did<br />

a feasibility analysis, which showed that he had to produce<br />

about 4,000 cases (at 3 gallons per case) to make this a<br />

competitive, viable product. Jeremiah said he was unable<br />

to buy <strong>and</strong> sell that much volume–including the big initial<br />

cost <strong>of</strong> buying <strong>and</strong> printing the cartons. Then Ted took the<br />

idea to Westbrae (to Myron Cooper–who said “sorry”), <strong>and</strong><br />

then to Steve Demos <strong>of</strong> White Wave; Steve had refrigerated<br />

distribution, saw the product’s potential, <strong>and</strong> was very<br />

interested. “You have to give Steve all the credit for selling<br />

the product.” Ted still did not have a plant that could make<br />

his <strong>soy</strong>base. So Ted bought ProSoya’s <strong>soy</strong>base made at the<br />

ProSoya plant in British Columbia, had it shipped by tanker<br />

trucks to Gustine, where Ted formulated it, had it packaged<br />

in White Wave’s ESL cartons, then shipped the fi nished<br />

cartons in cases to White Wave. White Wave paid for the<br />

carton’s plates <strong>and</strong> developed the graphics, but Ted had to<br />

pay to print the packaging on the ESL stock. White Wave<br />

paid for the product (incl. the package) after he received it.<br />

Ted make Silk <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> for Steve for two years. At the end,<br />

Steve ordered $320,000 worth <strong>of</strong> product <strong>and</strong> refused to pay<br />

for it. Ted thinks that he used that money to move to Utah.<br />

Gary Stein was making t<strong>of</strong>u for Trader Joe’s. Trader<br />

Joe’s was also buying <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> in fresh (not ESL) cartons<br />

from Rockview Farms–Trader Joe’s distributor. Rockview<br />

bought its <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> in bulk from a guy in Los Angeles, who<br />

set up his own Alfa Laval plant to produce <strong>soy</strong>base <strong>and</strong> to<br />

formulate it for Rockview. Ted does not remember the guy’s<br />

name but he was only up <strong>and</strong> running for several years. One<br />

day Gary called Ted <strong>and</strong> explained that Rockview Farms<br />

was having all kinds <strong>of</strong> problems with their <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong>, <strong>and</strong>

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