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day, 250,000 pounds a week, <strong>and</strong> 13 million pounds a year.<br />

White Wave sells its t<strong>of</strong>u <strong>and</strong> t<strong>of</strong>u spin-<strong>of</strong>fs–Meatless T<strong>of</strong>u<br />

Steaks, Dairyless Soy Strawberry Yogurt–in 50 states, Puerto<br />

Rico, Mexico, <strong>and</strong> Canada. Demos vows this is only the<br />

beginning. “I’m in this because this is a 100-year project.<br />

And I’m not going to be around to see the end <strong>of</strong> it.” A<br />

large photo shows Ken Vickerstaff, White Wave’s sales <strong>and</strong><br />

marketing president, <strong>and</strong> Steve Demos, company president.<br />

Boulder Daily Camera food writer John Lehndorff coined<br />

the term T<strong>of</strong>utown USA to describe Boulder. Demos thought<br />

up the White Wave logo while meditating in Santa Barbara in<br />

1976. “I learned how to make t<strong>of</strong>u at a 76-day (meditation)<br />

intensive. Demos says that 15% <strong>of</strong> the people in Boulder,<br />

Colorado, consume t<strong>of</strong>u compared with a national average <strong>of</strong><br />

2-3%.<br />

White Wave sales have risen 20% to 35% a year for<br />

the last 5 years, with 1993 revenues being about $5 million.<br />

White Wave plans to create br<strong>and</strong> identity through its new<br />

merch<strong>and</strong>ising format–Vegetarian Cuisine <strong>Center</strong>s. Piloted<br />

in three Whole Foods Markets in California, they increased<br />

White Wave sales 730% during their fi rst 3 months in<br />

existence. Demos’ present goal is “br<strong>and</strong> building.” He<br />

considers that to be the strength <strong>and</strong> fortune <strong>of</strong> the company.<br />

“It’s the concept <strong>of</strong> right livelihood. Can you come up with<br />

a career choice you <strong>and</strong> everyone who touches you benefi ts<br />

from? In the end you enjoy it <strong>and</strong> the world is better <strong>of</strong>f with<br />

it than without it. Wealth without guilt. That’s an achievable<br />

goal.”<br />

Note: This is the earliest document seen (March 2005) in<br />

which Steve Demos uses the term “right livelihood.”<br />

Haru Yamamoto’s Denver To-fu Company also makes<br />

t<strong>of</strong>u–a ton <strong>of</strong> it per day. Address: Rocky Mountain news staff<br />

writer.<br />

1003. Pierce, Ray. 1994. A brief <strong>history</strong> <strong>of</strong> Genice Foods Ltd.<br />

<strong>and</strong> their work with <strong>soy</strong> ice creams, <strong>yogurt</strong>s, creams, <strong>and</strong><br />

margarine. Part I (Interview). SoyaScan Notes. Feb. 4, 8, 10,<br />

<strong>and</strong> 16. Conducted by William Shurtleff <strong>of</strong> Soyfoods <strong>Center</strong>.<br />

Followed by a an 8-page fax on 7 Feb. 1994.<br />

• Summary: From 1979 to 1982 Ray, a native <strong>of</strong> Wales,<br />

was general manager <strong>of</strong> Pendeltons Ice Cream. In March<br />

1982, at age 41, he started a company named Classic Ices,<br />

which was primarily a dairy ice cream company. Located<br />

in Rhydymwyn (pronounced REED-uh-MOO-un), Clwyd<br />

(pronounced KLU-ud) County, Wales, the company began<br />

trading (making <strong>and</strong> selling products) in July 1982. In early<br />

1984 Ray sold all but 10% <strong>of</strong> his shares in Classic Ices to<br />

the Hillsdown Holdings Group but continued to work at the<br />

company. Then in May 1984 Irene Barclay joined Classic<br />

Ices as technical manager. In April 1985 Ray saw an article<br />

in The Grocer (April 6, p. 23) stating that Michael Cole<br />

<strong>of</strong> Soya Health Foods Ltd. had started making <strong>soy</strong>a <strong>milk</strong><br />

<strong>and</strong> was planning to make related non-dairy products–such<br />

as <strong>soy</strong>a ice cream. Ray called Michael Cole <strong>and</strong> asked if<br />

HISTORY OF SOY YOGURT & CULTURED SOYMILK 372<br />

© Copyright Soyinfo <strong>Center</strong> 2012<br />

Classic Ices could develop <strong>and</strong> make a <strong>soy</strong> ice cream for<br />

him. Michael was interested, he came to visit Ray at Classic<br />

Ices, <strong>and</strong> that is how Ray’s interest in <strong>soy</strong>a ice creams began.<br />

Irene Barclay <strong>of</strong> Classic Ices worked closely with Michael<br />

Cole to developed the product. In about July 1985 Classic<br />

Ices started making Sunrise Ice Dream <strong>and</strong> selling it to Cole,<br />

who marketed it very successfully. Before this, Classic Ices<br />

had never made any non-dairy products. But Classic Ices was<br />

not particularly interested in non-dairy products, so Ray <strong>and</strong><br />

Irene Barclay decided to leave Classic Ices in 1985 <strong>and</strong> start<br />

their own small company in Clwyd, Wales, about 10 miles<br />

from Classic Ices, at the same location they now occupy. The<br />

two business partners believed they saw a new market with<br />

great potential. Moreover, Irene was lactose intolerant so she<br />

could not consume dairy products. So Ray sold his remaining<br />

shares (10%) in Classic Ices to Hillsdown Holdings, then<br />

he <strong>and</strong> Irene established their company to develop <strong>and</strong><br />

manufacture non-dairy dessert specialties–starting with <strong>soy</strong>a<br />

ice cream.<br />

They named the company Genice Foods Ltd. (short for<br />

“Genuine Ice Cream” <strong>and</strong> pronounced JEN-ais), but today<br />

many people pronounce the name jen-EES, which has come<br />

to be preferred by the company. In late 1985 Genice Foods<br />

moved into a br<strong>and</strong> new, small custom-designed, purposebuilt<br />

factory unit in the Llay Industrial Estate. The unit was<br />

5,000 square feet in size, but initially Genice used only half<br />

<strong>of</strong> that space–for manufacturing, cold storage/warehousing,<br />

<strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong>fi ces. In early April 1986 Genice was <strong>of</strong>fi cially<br />

established <strong>and</strong> registered as a company <strong>and</strong> that same<br />

month, about two weeks later, they began trading. Today<br />

Ray’s title is Director General Manager <strong>and</strong> Irene is the<br />

Technical Director. Genice’s fi rst product, launched in April<br />

1986, was Genice Ice Delight, a non-dairy frozen dessert<br />

in 5 fl avors (vanilla, strawberry, raspberry ripple, hazelnut,<br />

<strong>and</strong> pistachio & almond). Initially the main <strong>soy</strong> ingredient<br />

was powdered <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> obtained from Michael Cole <strong>of</strong><br />

Soya Health Foods, which probably imported it. But soon<br />

Genice switched to using <strong>soy</strong> protein isolates because they<br />

were less expensive <strong>and</strong> seemed to give a better product.<br />

At that time Genice bought the isolates from Macauley-<br />

Edwards (in Peterborough, eastern Engl<strong>and</strong>), which later<br />

somehow became Purina Protein; today Genice buys most<br />

<strong>of</strong> its isolates from ADM (SP6, imported from the USA),<br />

but a little from Protein Technologies International for “old<br />

time’s sake.” Genice developed this product largely because<br />

they needed an actual product to show potential customers,<br />

but they never put much effort into marketing the product<br />

because they had already decided that Genice wanted to be<br />

a product development <strong>and</strong> manufacturing company <strong>and</strong><br />

leave sales <strong>and</strong> marketing to <strong>other</strong> companies. Later in 1986<br />

the manufacture <strong>of</strong> Sunrise Ice Dream was transferred to<br />

Genice from Classic Ices. It was now sold in four fl avors–<br />

vanilla, wildberry, hazelnut, <strong>and</strong> carob. Genice worked out<br />

an agreement with Cole that they would not compete by

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