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entering markets where Cole’s product was established.<br />

In 1986 Dayville Ltd. asked Genice if they could make<br />

a non-dairy frozen dessert intended to appeal more to the<br />

general grocery sector <strong>of</strong> the market than health food stores<br />

where Ice Delight <strong>and</strong> Ice Dream were sold. The product<br />

N’ice Day, was launched for Dayville in July 1986, sold in<br />

3/4 litre packs in four fl avors–vanilla, hazelnut, strawberry,<br />

<strong>and</strong> pistachio & almond. The <strong>soy</strong> ingredient was <strong>soy</strong> protein<br />

isolates. Continued. Address: Founder, Genice Foods Ltd.,<br />

Pinfold Lane, Llay Industrial Estate, Llay near Wrexham,<br />

Clwyd, LL12 OPX, Wales/Cymru, UK. Phone: 0978-853-<br />

787.<br />

1004. Pierce, Ray. 1994. A brief <strong>history</strong> <strong>of</strong> Genice Foods Ltd.<br />

<strong>and</strong> their work with <strong>soy</strong> ice creams, <strong>yogurt</strong>s, creams, <strong>and</strong><br />

margarine. Part II (Interview). SoyaScan Notes. Feb. 4, 8, 10<br />

<strong>and</strong> 16. Conducted by William Shurtleff <strong>of</strong> Soyfoods <strong>Center</strong>.<br />

Followed by a an 8-page fax on 7 Feb. 1994.<br />

• Summary: Continued: At this time, Genice Foods was the<br />

only company in Europe manufacturing non-dairy frozen<br />

desserts, but the market in Europe was not exp<strong>and</strong>ing as<br />

rapidly as the market in the USA. Possibly the main reason<br />

for this was a greater perceived differentiation in the U.S.<br />

between dairy ice creams, containing up to 15% butter, <strong>and</strong><br />

healthier non-dairy, lower-fat frozen desserts such as T<strong>of</strong>utti<br />

<strong>and</strong> McQueens. By contrast, ice creams in the UK generally<br />

contained palm oil instead <strong>of</strong> butter <strong>and</strong> at a much lower<br />

level–around 6-8%. Other reasons for the rapid growth<br />

<strong>of</strong> the U.S. market could be: Greater awareness <strong>of</strong> lactose<br />

intolerance, a larger number <strong>of</strong> vegetarians, larger ethnic<br />

communities, <strong>and</strong> cost consciousness. With Genice being<br />

the only manufacturer <strong>of</strong> non-dairy frozen desserts, it was<br />

diffi cult to satisfy existing <strong>and</strong> potential customers without<br />

some duplication <strong>of</strong> products in the market place. However<br />

Genice was also attempting to help these companies avoid<br />

competing directly with one an<strong>other</strong> by suggesting different<br />

package sizes, fl avors, package shapes, etc. Hence in 1987<br />

Maranellis Ice Supreme was launched for Uni<strong>soy</strong> (before<br />

Uni<strong>soy</strong> was acquired by Haldane), in a ½-liter format,<br />

sweetened with fruit juice, in 3 fl avors–raspberry ripple,<br />

vanilla, <strong>and</strong> chocolate. The product was made from fresh<br />

<strong>soy</strong>a <strong>milk</strong>, delivered to Genice by Uni<strong>soy</strong>. An<strong>other</strong> nondairy<br />

frozen dessert launched in 1987 was Sunrise Carob<br />

Ice, a frozen <strong>soy</strong>a vanilla-fl avored bar covered with a carob<br />

coating, made for Soya Health Foods Ltd., Michael Cole’s<br />

former company; the product sold extremely well.<br />

In March 1989, the Haldane Foods Group Ltd., part <strong>of</strong><br />

the Archer Daniels Midl<strong>and</strong> Co. (ADM), acquired a 70%<br />

interest in Genice. Genice Foods approached the Haldane<br />

Group since Genice needed both cash <strong>and</strong> access to bigger<br />

markets in order to develop properly. Peter Fitch, head <strong>of</strong><br />

the Haldane Group, has told Ray many times he didn’t really<br />

want to acquire Genice; Ray had to court him for 9 months<br />

before he agreed to acquire Genice. Haldane was an ideal<br />

HISTORY OF SOY YOGURT & CULTURED SOYMILK 373<br />

© Copyright Soyinfo <strong>Center</strong> 2012<br />

partner, being one <strong>of</strong> the biggest health food manufacturers<br />

in Europe (they made mostly vegetarian main courses), but<br />

having no dessert products. Genice made mostly non-dairy<br />

frozen <strong>and</strong> chilled desserts. Also the cash backing from<br />

ADM was equally important in creating <strong>and</strong> developing<br />

new markets. ADM <strong>and</strong> the Haldane Group gave Genice<br />

the freedom to continue to develop <strong>and</strong> make products for<br />

companies (such as Soya Health Foods <strong>and</strong> Dayville Ltd.)<br />

outside the Haldane Group.<br />

In April 1989 Sweet Sensation, an<strong>other</strong> non-dairy frozen<br />

dessert, was launched for Granose Foods in a 3/4 liter pack<br />

composed <strong>of</strong> a rectangular plastic tub in a cardboard sleeve,<br />

in 4 fl avors–tutti fruitti, black cherry, raspberry ripple, <strong>and</strong><br />

vanilla. Genice made this product for Granose before <strong>and</strong><br />

after Granose was acquired by the Haldane Group. An<strong>other</strong><br />

non-dairy frozen dessert products launched in 1989 was<br />

Vegedine Mousse a frozen mousse dessert in two fl avors–<br />

carob & walnut, <strong>and</strong> strawberry. Vegedine was a very small<br />

company in Bournemouth, sales to health food shops were<br />

small, <strong>and</strong> the company soon went out <strong>of</strong> business.<br />

Following the acquisition by Haldane, the pace <strong>of</strong><br />

development speeded up at Genice. Previously, products<br />

had been produced from either powdered <strong>soy</strong>a <strong>milk</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>soy</strong><br />

protein isolates, or <strong>soy</strong>a <strong>milk</strong> imported from Uni<strong>soy</strong>. In late<br />

1989 a small <strong>soy</strong>a <strong>milk</strong> plant was installed at Genice with<br />

the ability to produce limited quantities <strong>of</strong> t<strong>of</strong>u also. With the<br />

new availability <strong>of</strong> t<strong>of</strong>u, two new non-dairy frozen products<br />

were launched: (1) So Good T<strong>of</strong>u Dessert for the Haldane<br />

Group, a 3/4 litre pack in a round cardboard tub fl avored as<br />

a strawberry/vanilla split, or as wild blackberry; <strong>and</strong> (2) So<br />

Good Strawberry Bombes for the Haldane Group, a 100 ml<br />

vanilla fl avored base with a strawberry puree center, coated<br />

with carob couverture, <strong>and</strong> sold in retail packs <strong>of</strong> four.<br />

Because <strong>of</strong> Haldane’s extensive contacts throughout Europe,<br />

Genice products are now sold in 7 European countries. The<br />

company also made a brief foray into the kosher market in<br />

America, when they sold some So Good Strawberry Bombes<br />

to a distributor named Quality Foods in Long Isl<strong>and</strong>, New<br />

York, but Genice had a bad experience <strong>and</strong> ended up with<br />

an unpaid debt on their fi rst shipment. About 4 years ago<br />

Ray exhibited some <strong>of</strong> his <strong>soy</strong>a products for 2 years in a row<br />

at one <strong>of</strong> the New York Kosher Fests. There he met David<br />

Mintz <strong>of</strong> T<strong>of</strong>utti fame. Ray would like to try to enter the New<br />

York market again some day; its a big market.<br />

Genice uses fresh <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> (produced by Uni<strong>soy</strong>) to<br />

make the majority <strong>of</strong> its total volume <strong>of</strong> <strong>soy</strong> ice cream, <strong>and</strong><br />

isolated <strong>soy</strong> protein to make rest. Powdered <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> is not<br />

used because it is very expensive <strong>and</strong> too hard to obtain. Ray<br />

now feels that fresh <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> gives a better <strong>soy</strong> ice cream.<br />

Genice is now producing a range <strong>of</strong> development samples<br />

for Dayville Ltd., which is going to re-launch their <strong>soy</strong> ice<br />

creams this year <strong>and</strong> they have picked the one made with<br />

<strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> as being the best. From the production viewpoint,<br />

isolates are much easier to use, but product taste <strong>and</strong> overall

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