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list <strong>of</strong> foods said to be disliked, ahead <strong>of</strong> liver (34%), <strong>yogurt</strong><br />

(29%), Brussels sprouts (28%), <strong>and</strong> prunes (24%). Results<br />

do not vary signifi cantly by age, but t<strong>of</strong>u dislike is somewhat<br />

less among those with higher incomes. The poll results<br />

are very widely publicized, <strong>and</strong> are even the subject <strong>of</strong> a<br />

question on the TV program Jeopardy (in early 1988)–<strong>and</strong> its<br />

rerun! These fi ndings suggest both a widespread awareness<br />

<strong>of</strong> t<strong>of</strong>u <strong>and</strong> a split image: Some like it <strong>and</strong> <strong>other</strong>s don’t.<br />

Aug. Kikkoman’s new shoyu plant starts operation in<br />

Chitose, Hokkaido, in northern Japan. The fi rst product was<br />

shipped on 30 Jan. 1987.<br />

Sept. 9. American Soy Products Inc. plant dedicated in<br />

Clinton, Michigan. A $10 million joint venture between Eden<br />

Foods <strong>and</strong> four Japanese companies (Kawasho, Marusan,<br />

Muso, Seikensha), construction on the plant began in Oct.<br />

1985. It will make Eden<strong>soy</strong> <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> in Tetra Brik cartons.<br />

The fi rst products are shipped in November.<br />

Sept. 19. T<strong>of</strong>u st<strong>and</strong>ards passed by T<strong>of</strong>u St<strong>and</strong>ards<br />

Committee in San Francisco, after all committee members<br />

except Shurtleff agree to start with a blank slate in drafting<br />

new st<strong>and</strong>ards–thus erasing years <strong>of</strong> work by hundreds<br />

<strong>of</strong> people. Shurtleff resigns in protest, arguing that this is<br />

a violation due process. Shortly thereafter Barricini <strong>and</strong><br />

Ralston Purina also refuse to give fi nal approval. T<strong>of</strong>u<br />

st<strong>and</strong>ards are stalled indefi nitely after many years <strong>of</strong> hard<br />

work.<br />

Sept. 24. First International T<strong>of</strong>u Products Expo,<br />

Seminar, <strong>and</strong> Soyfoods Buffet, held in Munich, West<br />

Germany. Sponsored by Bernd Lehmann International<br />

Consultants. 100 people attend.<br />

Oct. Super<strong>soy</strong> br<strong>and</strong> <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> introduced to America<br />

by Mitoku USA. It is made by Kibun Health Foods Co. in<br />

Japan.<br />

Oct. Ralston Purina sells its domestic agricultural<br />

products business, Purina Mills. Total sales for 1986 were<br />

$5.5 billion.<br />

Nov. Isl<strong>and</strong> Spring announces $6.5 million investment<br />

from Edward Lynch Co. to fi nance an expansion plan.<br />

Construction <strong>of</strong> a new 30,000 square foot factory is now<br />

underway on Vashon Isl<strong>and</strong>.<br />

Dec. 1. White Wave <strong>of</strong> Boulder, Colorado, acquires<br />

Soyfoods Unlimited, a tempeh manufacturer <strong>of</strong> San Le<strong>and</strong>ro,<br />

California. This makes White Wave America’s largest<br />

tempeh manufacturer.<br />

Dec. 8. Central Soya purchases 7 <strong>of</strong> 9 Bunge processing<br />

plants. ADM is now estimated to control 30% <strong>of</strong> U.S.<br />

crushing capacity followed by Cargill (25%), Central Soya<br />

(20%), <strong>and</strong> <strong>other</strong> (25%).<br />

Dec. Tomsun Foods International nets about $3.45<br />

million in its fi rst public stock <strong>of</strong>fering. Most <strong>of</strong> the funds<br />

will be used for sales <strong>and</strong> marketing <strong>of</strong> J<strong>of</strong>u, <strong>and</strong> to repay<br />

$800,000 in debts. Total Tomsun sales in 1986 were about<br />

$3.1 million.<br />

Dec. Haagen-Dazs will drop T<strong>of</strong>utti <strong>and</strong> start<br />

HISTORY OF SOY YOGURT & CULTURED SOYMILK 250<br />

© Copyright Soyinfo <strong>Center</strong> 2012<br />

distributing Barricini T<strong>of</strong>ulite, a non-dairy frozen dessert.<br />

Dec. Brightsong Foods is named as one <strong>of</strong> the top ten<br />

food innovators for 1986 by Food & Beverage Marketing<br />

magazine. In fact, Brightsong is listed fi rst!<br />

Dec. T<strong>of</strong>ruzen Inc., a <strong>soy</strong> ice cream marketer from<br />

Englewood, Colorado, raises $1.6 million in a public stock<br />

<strong>of</strong>fering. Sales <strong>of</strong> T<strong>of</strong>ruzen in fi scal 1986 were $91,000,<br />

rising to $158,000 in 1987, <strong>and</strong> $213,000 in the fi rst quarter<br />

<strong>of</strong> 1988.<br />

Dec. Edible Soy Products in Hudson Iowa is sold to<br />

Solnuts <strong>of</strong> Tilburg, The Netherl<strong>and</strong>s, <strong>and</strong> renamed Solnuts,<br />

Inc. The Hudson <strong>and</strong> Tilburg plants are the only ones in the<br />

world that dry roast <strong>soy</strong>beans to make <strong>soy</strong>nuts.<br />

Dec. More than 60,000 Italian farmers harvested<br />

nearly 25,000 hectares (61,700 acres) <strong>of</strong> <strong>soy</strong>beans this year.<br />

Italy is now Europe’s largest <strong>soy</strong>bean producing country,<br />

followed by France. Five years ago, Italy produced virtually<br />

no <strong>soy</strong>beans. The Ferruzzi Group is the leading promoter,<br />

helped by hefty subsidies from the EEC.<br />

1986 New Trends:<br />

So Called T<strong>of</strong>u Cheeses. Eight new <strong>soy</strong> cheeses were<br />

launched during 1986, many with the term “T<strong>of</strong>u” in the<br />

product name. Many have been shrouded in mystery,<br />

with the names <strong>of</strong> the manufacturer <strong>and</strong> ingredients <strong>of</strong>ten<br />

not disclosed. There has been much consumer deception,<br />

mislabeling, <strong>and</strong> several attempts to conceal the fact that they<br />

usually contain casein, the protein in cow’s <strong>milk</strong>.<br />

Soy Yogurts <strong>and</strong> Yogurt-Style Products. The leader in<br />

this exciting new category is J<strong>of</strong>u from Tomsun Foods. The<br />

two basic types are fermented <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> products (e.g. Cream<br />

<strong>of</strong> the Bean, Soy-O), <strong>and</strong> non-fermented t<strong>of</strong>u-fruit blends<br />

(e.g. J<strong>of</strong>u).<br />

Move to Manufacturing Soy<strong>milk</strong> in America. The<br />

rising cost <strong>of</strong> <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> imports is making them unpr<strong>of</strong>i table.<br />

Domestic production, which obviates shipping U.S. <strong>soy</strong>beans<br />

to Japan, then shipping the beans <strong>and</strong> water back, will have<br />

major, benefi cial long-term Eden<strong>soy</strong>, Ah Soy, <strong>and</strong> Westbrae<br />

Malteds. Still imported are Vita<strong>soy</strong> (from Hong Kong,<br />

whose exchange rate is tied to the dollar) <strong>and</strong> Sun<strong>soy</strong> (from<br />

Belgium).<br />

The declining value <strong>of</strong> the dollar against the yen starting<br />

in late 1985 led to a steady rise in <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> prices. But the<br />

combination <strong>of</strong> domestic production <strong>and</strong> larger size packages<br />

(see below) has led to a drop in <strong>soy</strong><strong>milk</strong> prices during 1986.<br />

For example, Eden<strong>soy</strong>, selling for 6 times the price <strong>of</strong> dairy<br />

<strong>milk</strong> per unit volume in early 1984, was selling for only 3.5<br />

to 4.1 times as much in late 1986, a drop <strong>of</strong> about 37%.<br />

Soy<strong>milk</strong> Switches to Tetra Brik Cartons <strong>and</strong> Liters or<br />

Quarts. Eden<strong>soy</strong>, West<strong>soy</strong>, <strong>and</strong> Ah Soy have all switched<br />

to Tetra Brik cartons this year. Lower total manufacturing<br />

<strong>and</strong> shipping cost is the main reason. The liter/quart size<br />

was pioneered in the U.S. by Alpro/Vamo Foods/Sun<strong>soy</strong>,<br />

<strong>and</strong> followed by Eden<strong>soy</strong>, Ah Soy, <strong>and</strong> Vita<strong>soy</strong>. These<br />

counterparts <strong>of</strong> dairy <strong>milk</strong> in quarts suit the needs <strong>of</strong> regular

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